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Functions of skeleton
- support
- movement protection
- storage of minerals
- production of blood cells
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support
for the soft tissues of the body
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movement
bones serve as levers and joints as flucra
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protection
to vital organs
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storage of minerals
calcium and phosphorus
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production of blood cells
hemopoiesis
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osteocyte
mature bone cells
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osteoclasts
tear down bone
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osteoblasts
build new bone
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epiphysis
found at both proximal and distal ends of long bones
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epiphyseal line
where the epiphysis and the diaphysis fuse after the cartilaginous epiphyseal plate is no longer needed to increase bone length
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spongy (cancellous) bone
contains red marrow in the proximal epiphysis; the blood cell producing red marrow is also found in spongy bone of flat bones
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compact bone
the external coat of solid bone
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periosteum
fascial covering found on all bones
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yellow marrow
mostly fat. In the medulary cavity of the femur, lined with endosteum; some osteoclasts are found here
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nutrient artery
entering nutrient foramen (hole) of bone
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process
a roughened bony prominence usually serving as the site for attachment for muscles or connective tissue
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trochanter
relatively large, blunt type of process found only on the femur
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tuberosity
a large, blunt or rounded process
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tubercle
a small, blunt or rounded provess
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spine
a pointed projection of bone
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crest
a prominent border that may be rough
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fossa
a saucer-like depression
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foramen
a hole in a bone: size is extremely variable
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head
a round articular surface joined to the shaft of the bone by a constriction, the neck (articular)
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condyle
a smooth structure, either concave or convex, joined directly to the shaft of a long bone (articular)
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facet
a smooth surface for articulation (articular)
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articular
refers to a joint, so indicates bones are joined
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inguinal ligament
very important landmark structure extends from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the pubic tubercle. It divides the trunk from the thigh. p40
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sacrospinous ligament
sacrum to ischial spine
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sacrotuberous ligament
sacrum to ischial tuberosity
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false pelvis
space above the pelvic brim and between the iliac bones
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true pelvis
inferior to pelvic brim, between the pelvic bones
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