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Sui Dynasty(p. 589-618;380-381)
Dynasty in which China regained its unity.
Extended canal system by 1200 miles
Linked North and South China economically and contributed much to the prosperity that followed
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Khitan(907-1125) / Jurchen People(115-1234)
Established states that encompassed parts of North China as well as major areas of the steppes to the North
Received large gifts from Song China
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Silla Dynasty(688-900) Korea
Korean dyansty in which Koread sought to turn their small state into a mini Tang dynasty
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Hangul
A phonetic alphabet for writing the Korean language. Developed in the 1400's.
Resisted by male conservative elites, who were long accustomed to using the more prestigious chinese characters(at first)
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Chu Nom
A variation of Chinese writing developed in Vietnam
Provided the basis for an independent national literature
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Trung Sisters
In 39CE, an uprising was launched by them against Chinese. When the rebellion was crushed, they comitted suicide.
In literature, monuments and public memory, they remained powerful symbols of Vietnamese resistance to Chinese agression
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Shotoku Taishi(572-622)
The intial leader in Japan who deliberately set out to transform Japan into a centralized bureaucratic state on the Chinese model.
Issued 17 Article Constitution proclaiming Japanese ruler as a Chinese style emperor and encouraged Budddhism and Confucism
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Bushido
The way of the Warrior in Japan
- Had a distinctive set of values:
- Great skill in martial arts
- Loyalty
- Bravery
- Honor
- Endurance
- Preference for death over surrender
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Chinese Buddhism
Religion initially entered China through the Silk Road trading networks in the 1st and 2nd centuried CE
- Generally used in Mahayana from
- Assimilated into Chinese culture
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Emperor Wendi
A sui emperor that ruled from 581 to 604
- Had monateries constructed at the base of China's 5 sacred mountains
- Used Buddhism to justify his military campaigns
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Tribute System
The set of practices that required non-Chinese authorites to acknowledge Chinese superiority and their own subordinate place in a Chinese centered world order.
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Hangzhou
Capital of China in the Song Dynasty
Home to more than 1,000,000 people
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Xiongnu
An early nomadic confederacy(established around the same time as Han China) that raided North China
Convinced emperor of China to make an agreement that recognized the nomadic states as a political equal
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Roman Catholic Church
Latin christianity centered on papal rome
- Derived from growth of Christianity in Roman Empire
- Had many disagreements with Eastern Orthodox Christianity
- At 1st Chruch became extreme wealthy
- Absorbed and adapted local cultural practices into Christian tradition
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Holy Roman Empire
The realm that was ruled by Otto 1 of Saxony
- Largely limited to Germany
- Proved to be little more than a collection of quarreling principalities
- Unsuccesful at reviving anything apporaching Roman imperial authority
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Charlemagne
Ruler of the Carolingian Empire, whatis now France, Belgium, Netherlands and parts of Germany and Italy
- Erected an imperial bureaucracy
- December 25, 800 the new Roman emperor was crowned by the Pope
- Signaled emergence of feudalism
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Kievan Rus
A modest state in what is now Ukraine and western Russia that emerged in the 9th century CE. Development was stimulated by trade along the Dnieper River.
- Loosely led by the princes
- Borrowed Heavily from Byzantine:
- Religion
- Architercual Styles
- Cyrillic language
- Extensive Use of Icons
- Political ideals of imperial control of church
- Monastic tradition, stressing prayer and service
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Prince Vladmir of Kiev
A prince of Kiev that introduced Eastern Orthodox Christianity to Kievan Rus
- Political and commerical considerations played a role in his decision
- Married sister of Byzantine emperor
- Religion took deep root among Russian people
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Eastern Orthodox Christianity
A form of Christianity that began in Byzantine
- Legimated the supreme and absolute rule of the emperor
- Sharply rejected claims that Roman Pope was the sole and final authority for all Christians
- Had many disagreements with the Roman Catholic Church
- Agaisnt Latin Chrsitianity
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Justinian(527-565)
Emperor of Byzantine from 527 to 565
Attempted to reconquer the Mediterranean basin<---Failed Permanently
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System of Competing States
European politcal sytem where states are all competing
- Gave rise to frequent wars
- Enhanced role and status of military men
- Drove gunpowder revolution
- Stimulated European technological developments
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Caesaropapism
The doctrine that the state is supreme over the church in ecclesiastical matters
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Constantinople
The capital of the Byzantine Empire
Was to be a New Rome
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