Psychology

The process of encoding refers to:

A) the recall of information previously learned.
B) a clear memory of an emotionally significant event.
C) the persistence of learning over time.
D) getting information into memory.

Storage is to encoding as ________ is to ________.

A) retention; acquisition
B) rehearsal; retrieval
C)recognition; recall
D)imagery; mnemonics

Your consciously activated but limited-capacity memory is called ________ memory.

A) explicit
B) short-term
C) mood-congruent
D) implicit

Priming is to retrieval as rehearsal is to:

A) automatic processing
B) encoding
C) chunking
D) imagery

Students who review previously learned course material at various times throughout a semester in order to pass a comprehensive final are especially likely to demonstrate long-term retention of the course material. This best illustrates the value of:

A) the serial position effect
B) rosy retrospection
C) the spacing effect
D) implicit memory

At a block party, Cyndi is introduced to eight new neighbors. Moments later, she can only remember the names of the first three and last two neighbors. Her experience illustrates:

A) source amnesia
B) the misinformation effect
C) implicit memory
D) the serial position effect

The day after Kirsten was introduced to 13 people at a business luncheon, she could recall the names of only the first 4 people to whom she had been introduced. Her effective recall of these particular names best illustrates the benefits of:

A) flashbulb memory
B) the peg-word system
C) automatic processing
D) rehearsal

Semantic encoding refers to the processing of:

A) unfamiliar units
B) meanings
C) visual images
D) sounds

In order to remember the information presented in her psychology textbook, Susan often relates it to her own life experiences. Susan's strategy is an effective memory aid because it facilitates:

A) ionic memory
B) proactive interference
C) the serial position effect
D) sematic encoding

Sabrina went to the store for furniture polish, carrots, pencils, ham, sponges, celery, notebook paper, and salami. She remembered to buy all these items by reminding herself that she needed food products that included meats and vegetables and that she needed nonfood products that included school supplies and cleaning aids. Sabrina made effective use of:

A) heirachical organization
B) acoustic encoding
C) the spacing effect
D) the peg-word system

Using the mnemonic ROY G. BIV to remember the colors of the rainbow in the order of wavelength illustrates the use of:

A) the spacing effect
B) an acronym
C) the peg-word system
D) rosy retrospection

Our short-term memory span is approximately ________ items.

A) 5
B) 10
C) 2
D)7

When you have to make a long-distance call, dialing an unfamiliar area code plus a seven-digit number, you are likely to have trouble retaining the just-looked-up number. This best illustrates the limited capacity of ________ memory.

A) implicit
B) explicit
C) long-term
D) short-term

Memories of emotional events are especially likely to be facilitated by activation of the:

A) amygdala
B) motor cortex
C) sensory cortex
D) hypothamalus

A flashbulb memory would typically be stored in ________ memory.

A) echoic
B) ionic
C) implicit
D) long-term

Cerebellum is to ________ memory as hippocampus is to ________ memory.

A) implicit; explicit
B) long-term; short-term
C) explicit; implicit
D) short-term; long-term

Damage to the ________ is most likely to interfere with explicit memories of newly learned verbal information. Damage to the ________ is most likely to interfere with explicit memories of newly learned visual designs.

A) right hippocampus;
left hippocampus
B) left hippocampus;
right; hippocampus
C) right crebellum;
left cerebellum
D) left cerebellum;
right cerebellum

An understanding of the distinction between implicit and explicit memories is most helpful for explaining:

A) state-dependent
B) infantile amnesia
C) the serial position effect
D) the spacing effect

The rear area of the ________ grows bigger the longer a London cab driver has been navigating the maze of city streets.

A) amygdala
B) hypothalamus
C) thalamus
D) hippocampus

The hippocampus plays a critical role in ________ memory.

A) iconic
B) echoic
C) explicit
D) implicit