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Lifespan development
- examines patterns of growth, change, and stability in behavior that occurs throughout the entire life-span.
- -Physical: malnutrition
- -Cognitive: intelligence
- -Personaliy: stable personality traits
- -Social: marriage & divorce
- -Promethean Leap: in ability (birth --> 2)
- -Age ranges, milestones, varies in culture
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Brofenbrenner
- Ecological approach (4 levels of environment intercon.)
- 1- Microsystem: immediate environment ( home, friends, neighborhood)
- 2 -Mesosytem: Connects b/n various aspects of the microsystem. Level around you (parents, friends, did you know ur parents friends etc).
- 3. Exosystem: broader influence that indiv does not have control over (i.e. how much money parents made)
- 4. Macrosystem: cultural ideals, culture whih an individual lives (societal values, religious influence)
- 5. Individualism vs. collection
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Cohort
born at same time in same place
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Normative history graded
biological and evironmental influences assoc. with historical moment (9/11)
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Normative AGED graded
biological & environmental influences, similar age group puberty and schooling
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Normative SOCIO-cultural graded
- impact of social & cultrual on an individual: ethnicity, social class, subcultural member
- -richer social class is diff then lower social class
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Non-normative life events
Atypical events in person's life
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Prenatal
- G erminal
- E mbryonic
- F etal- 8 weeks --> birth (longest stage)
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Froyd psycho sensual stages
Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital stages
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Research Methods
- A. Correlational vs experimental research
- -Correlational: relationship b/n 2 variables does NOT say cause/ effect.
- B.Cross-sectional/ cultural:
diff. stages are compared @ the same point in time. Same Cohort (age group)
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Gametes
sex cells of mother and father : 23 pairs
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Zygote
46 chromosomes (polygenic)
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Monozygotic twins
same zygote or egg identical twins
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Dizygotic twins
two separate ovum-sperm combinations, fraternal twins
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Genotypes
combination of genetic material present but not expressed
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Phenotype
- observable trait (hair, skin, etc..)
- Homozygous: receives similar traits of parents
- Heterozygous: dissimilar traits (recessive)
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