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What are immunoglobulins and what cells secrete them? (p.13)
- Immunoglobulins = ANTIBODIES
- Secreted by PLASMA CELLS
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Review characteristics of different classes of immunoglobulins.
Which class represents the largest proportion in serum and directed against viruses, bacteria, and toxins?
What immunoglobulin crosses the placental barrier to protect the fetus during maturation of the immune system? (p.13)
- IgG = 75-80% of antibodies in serum
- Directed against viruses, bacteria, and toxins
- Only one that crosses the placental barrier – protection of fetus during maturation of immune system
- Activates complement
- Binds to macrophages
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IgA
- IgA = 15% of antibodies in serum
- Major function = mucosal immunity
- Found in secretions – tears, saliva, breast milk, vaginal fluid, intestinal fluid
- Small amount found in blood
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IgM
- IgM = 5-10% of antibodies in serum
- Important to primary immune response
- Activates complement
- Forms natural antibodies for ABO blood antigens
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IgD
- IgD = 0.2%
- Found as surface marker on B cells
- Usually in association with IgM
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IgE
- IgE = 0.0004%
- Binds to mast cells and basophils
- Associated with acute allergic and hypersensitivity reactions – asthma, hay fever, anaphylaxis
- Aids in protection against parasites
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What is the purpose of immunoglobulin therapy? (p.1)
- Passive immunity
- Involves receiving pre-formed immune products, most often antibody preparations from another person already immunized against the antigen
- Antibody preparations = Immune globulins
- Form of temporary immunity - does not provide long-lasting immunity
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