-
Epinephrine
- Alpha 1 and 2
- Beta 1 and 2
-
Norepinephrine
- Alpha 1 and 2
- Beta 1 (no beta 2 activity)
-
GABA
Causes an inhibitory cell hyperpolarization
-
Muscarinic-r
- Uses DAG and IP3 as second messengers
- Parasympathetic control
-
Bethanechol
- Cholinergic
- Increase GI and bladder motility
- Tx atonic bladder post-op
-
Pilocarpine
- Cholinergic
- Papillary constriction = miosis. Ciliary contraction = accommodation
- Tx acute glaucoma
-
Isoflurophate
- Organophosphate
- Irreversible acetylcholinesterase (-)r
-
Pralidoxime
- "2 PAM"
- Reverses organophosphate binding to acetylcholinesterase
-
Neostigmine
- Reversible acetylcholinesterase (-)r
- Tx Myasthenia Gravis
-
Myasthenia Gravis
- Antibodies to Ach-r
- Increased muscular weakness due to Ach's weak post-sympathetic effect at NMJ, Inactivates-r
-
Tubocurium
- Nondepol. Competitive cholinergic N-r (-)r
- Prevents Ach binding but does not activate NMJ
- increase Histamine release = decrease BP and increase bronchospasm
-
Trimethaphan
Non-selectively binds N-r of the PS- and SNS
-
Pancurium
More potent than tubocurium w/o histamine release
-
Succinylcholine
- Depol. Non competitive (-)r of muscle action
- Opens Na Ch = fassciculations. Closes Na Ch = paralysis
- Continuous infusion
-
Alpha 1 & Eye
- Mydriasis due to norepinephrine.
- Prazosin (-)
-
M-r & Eye
- Miosis due to Ach
- Atropine (-)
-
Sympathetic
Post ganglionic sympathetic fibers releases NE
-
Parasympathetic
Post ganglionic parasympathetic fibers release Ach
-
M3-r & Eye
- Contracts sphincter = miosis.
- Contracts ciliary = accommodation
-
M2-r & Heart
- Negative chronotropy: decrease HR = vagal arrest
- Negative inotropy: decrease contractility
-
M3-r &Lung
bronchospasm - increased secretions
-
M3-r & GI
Increased motility (cramps and diarrhea). Involuntary defecation
-
Tacrine
- Acetylcholine esterase (-)r
- Tx Alzheimer's
-
Atropine
DOC w/ vagal arrest
-
Glycoperrolate
M-r(-), Antispasmodic. Tx peptic ulcer
-
Pirenzepine
M-r(-), Antispasmodic. Tx peptic ulcer
-
Doxacurium
Most potent competitive non-depol NMJ (-)r. No cardiovascular side effects. No histamine release
-
Beta Bungarotoxin
Prevent the release of Ach from vessels at the pre-synaptic nerve ending
-
Alpha Bungarotoxin
Irreversible N-r (-) = decreased action poteintial
-
alpha 1 & Eye
Contracts radial muscle = mydriasis (pupil dilation)
-
alpha 1 & arterioles
Constriction: Increased TPR = Increased diastolic pressure = Increased afterload
-
alpha 1 & Venules
Constriction: increase venous return = increased preload
-
Alpha 1 & Sex function
Ejaculation
-
Increase Diastolic
Increase alpha 1 = Increased TPR
-
Decreased diastolic
Increased Beta 2; direct acting vasodilators; (+) Cholinergics
-
Beta 1 & Heart
- (+) chronotropism = increased HR
- (+) inotropism = increased contractility, SV, CO, and O2 consumption
- Increased conduction velocity
-
Phenylephrine
Alpha 1 (+) Nasal decongestant
-
Beta 2 (+) Asthma Drugs
Metaproterenol; Albuterol; Terbutaline; Ritodrine; Salmeterol
-
Ritodrine/Turbutaline
Relaxes myometrium used in pre-mature labor pains
-
Phentolamine
- Epi reversal. Blocks alpha, vasodilation occurs. Pt goes from HyperTN to HypoTN
- Tx pheochromocytoma = decreased BP
-
-
Yohimbine
- Increase sympathetic outflow = alpha 2 (-)
- Tx impotence
-
Cardioselective NMJ
Pancuronium = increased HR due to atropine-like anti muscarinic vagolytic effect and Gallamine (-)r
-
Ecothiophate
Irreversible cholinesterase (-)r
-
Pyridostigmine
- Cholinomimetic that increases M and N-r effects. (-) acetylcholinesterase and plasma cholinesterase
- DOC for the oral tx of MG
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