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The reference wood for aircraft structure is?
Sitka spruce
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Evaluations of wood quality must take into account? 3 items
- Cut of the wood
- Number of growth rings
- Slope of the grain
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Aviation quality wood is usually ____sawn to minimize what?
Quarter sawn to reduce shrinkage
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Two commonly used glues for modern wood aircraft construction?
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Sandpaper should be used to prepare wood for gluing. True or false
Should not, fills wood pores and causes poor bonding
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4 time periods critical to their use that almost all adhesives have
- Pot life
- Open assembly time
- Closed assembly time
- Pressing time
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To prevent wood from rotting , it should be treated with?
Rot preventing sealant
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The best finish for internal wood structure is a coat of high quality:
Varnish
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If wood comes up as chunks instead of splinters when picked it is good or rotted?
Rotten
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A wing spar (may or may not) be spliced under the fitting for a lift strut.
May not
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A splayed patch cannot be used in plywood skin that is more than ____-inch thick
1/10th
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The taper for a splayed patch is ?
?
5:1
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3 advantages of composites
- Light weight and strong
- Stiffness can be customized
- Can be made into complex curves
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The 3 main parts of a fiber composite are:
-
Two common types of fiberglass?
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The aromatic polyamide fiber called Kevlar is also known as?
Aramid
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Aramid is ideal for aircraft parts that are subject to:
High stress and vibration
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Carbon fiber has high (compressive or tensile) strength,but causes (electrolytic or galvanic) corrosion when bonded to steel or aluminum
Compressive, galvanic
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Firewalls may be made of _____ fiber
Ceramic
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The strength of a fiber is (parallel or perpendicular) to the direction that the threads run
Parallel
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Threads which run the length of the fabric as it comes off the rbolt are referred to as
Warp
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The tightly woven edge that prevents the edge from unravelling to as?
Selvedge edge
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The ____ runs 45 degrees to the warp
Bias
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Chopped fibers compressed together is known as?
Mat
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When all the fibers run in one direction it is known as?
Unidirectional
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Fabrics are more or less resistant to damage than unidirectional weaves
More
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The 2 catagories of resin matrix are:
- Thermoplastic
- Thermosetting
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A thermoplastic resin (will or will not) change shape when reheated while a thermosetting resin (will or will not) change. Shape
Will , will not
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Prepreg fabrics must kept _____ to prevent resin from curing
Frozen
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A popular thixotropic agent for use with thermosetting resins to give the resin good body with a minimum weight?
Glass Micro balloons
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Closed cell styrofoam should be used with (epoxy or polyester) resin only
Epoxy
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The ribbon direction of the honeycomb is the direction that the honeycomb can be pulled apart. True or false
True
-
Procedures for mixing resins are very important to follow. True or false
True
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The working life of the resin is called
Pot life
-
The storage life of unopened tins of resin is called
Shelf life
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The core material may be made of ? 3 types
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2 common solvents used in composite work are:
MEK , acetone
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5 methods used to manufacture laminates?
- Compression
- Vacuum bagging
- Wet lay-up
- Fiberglass lay-up
- Wire filming
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The 2 purposes of final finishes on composites?
- Keep an uv and moisture protection
- Seal the surface
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4 methods to dissipate electrical charge on a composite ?
- Aluminum wires woven into surface layer
- Aluminum mesh under the top layer
- Aluminum flame sprayed on the surface
- Aluminum foil bonded to the surface
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3 methods for testing and inspecting composites?
- Tap test
- Visual
- Ultra sonic
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What may be used to locate flaws by temp variations on the surface of the damaged part?
Thermography
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True or false. X-ray can be used to detect water inside honeycomb
True
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To detect internal delaminations _______ testing may be used.
Ultrasonic
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Scissors with special serrated steel blades are used to cut ?
Aramid
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Whenever possible when drilling composites try to?
Back up with wood to minimize fraying
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Special brad point drills are available for drilling what type of composites
Aramid or Kevlar
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Aluminum oxide sandpaper ____ be used on carbon fiber.
Must not
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(steel, carbide, or diamond) drills work on all types of composites and have a long life.
Carbide
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Water break test is used to detect?
Oil and grease
-
Probably the best method to apply pressure to a repair
Vacuum bagging
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If a puncture is less than one inch in diameter is able to be patched by?
Potting
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Injecting resin and micro balloons into a damaged area to repair is known as?
Potting
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Separation of laminated layers or core material is called?
Delamination
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