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Twelfth Amendment
Electral college, the electors must indicate who they are voting for as president and who they are voting for as vice president
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Unit rule
Winner-takes-all, which the candiadatewho receives the most popular votes in that state gets all of that state's electoral votes.
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Fourteenth Amendment
- deals with voting rights indirectly. Its first clause guarantees citizenship and the rights of citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S
- Gave the states an incentive to grant minority citizens the right to vote, essentiall basing representation by the percentage of its male citizens over age 21 who could vote
- If states refuesed to let african americans vote they would receive fewer seats in congress and fewer electoral college votes
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Fifteenth Amendment
Stating that voting can not be denied by race, color, or previous condition of servitude
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Nineteenth amendment
- gave the vote to women
- the product of grassroots mobement that began in 1848
- the ammendmet itself was not enacted untill 1920
- Frontier life also helped fuel the movement for women suffrage
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Twenty-Fourth Amendment
- outlawed the oll tax in 1964
- one of the barriers to African American voting in the south
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Twenty-Sixth Amendment
- Giving 18-year-old citzens the right to vote, was the most recent change to the constution
- going of to die in the Vietnam War but not being able to vote gave the movement its biting edge
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How was minorites kept from voting
- Imposing a variety of restrictions--
- Literacy tests
- poll taxes
- complicated rigistration and residency requirements
- the infamous "grandfather clause"
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