Nutrition_CH8_Body

Hydrodensitometry is one way to estimate:

A. body fat distribution
B. risk factors associated with obesity
C. actual body adiposity
D. appropriate weight for height

BMI has replaced the % IBW because, unlike % IBW, BMI is always a valid indicator of body fatness.

A. Another
B. False
C. Other
D. True

Which of the following represents a BMI range considered to be morbidly obese for adult men and women?

A. 40-45
B. 20-25
C. 15-19
D. 30-35

In the reference man and woman, respectively, what percentage of body weight is muscle?

A. 12, 15
B. 27, 15
C. 45, 36
D. 15, 27

Recent evidence strongly suggests that bone density and lean body mass are significantly affected by heredity.

A. False
B. Maybe
C. True
D. Other

The PEA POD is used when conducting _____ in small children.

A. total body electrical conductivity
B. air-displacement plethysmography
C. absorptiometry
D. bioelectrical impedance analysis

Lean body mass is the body component most significantly affected by _____.

A. cortisone production
B. weight loss
C. sex difference
D. visceral fat increase

The term lean body weight includes an allowance for the presence of _____.

A. subcutaneous fat
B. peripheral fat
C. visceral fat
D. essential fat

Waist-to-hip ratios that indicate increased health risk for men and women, respectively, are _____.

A. > 10, > 15
B. > 0.5, >0.5
C. > 0.95, > 0.8
D. >40, > 35

Which method used to determine body composition is based on the principle that lean body tissue is denser than adipose tissue?

A. bioelectrical impedence analysis
B. hydrostatic or underwater weighing
C. infra-red interactance
D. dual energy X-ray absorptiometry

Which of the following techniques for measuring body composition is best for determining regional body composition?

A. magnetic resonance imaging
B. total body water
C. bioelectrical impedance
D. hydrodensitometry

Which of the following techniques for measuring body composition makes use of small exposures to radiation?

A. TOBEC
B. CAT
C. MRI
D. BIA

Which method used to determine body composition is based on the principle that electrical conductivity is greater in lean tissue than in adipose?

A. bioelectrical impedence analysis
B. infra-red interactance
C. dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
D. hydrostatic or underwater weighing

The rate of energy expenditure that sustains basic life processes in all cells in the awake state is a definition of _____.

A. RMR
B. BMR
C. BMI
D. TOBEC

The increase in energy expenditure associated with the body's processing of food is called _____.

A. the basal energy expenditure
B. adaptive thermogenesis
C. the resting energy expenditure
D. the thermic effect of food

The macronutrient(s) that contribute the lowest thermic effect of food are _____.

A. mixed diet with at least 50% carbohydrate
B. fats
C. proteins
D. carbohydrates

Generation of heat is called:

A. metabolic rate
B. thermogenesis
C. energy expenditure
D. thermoregulation

An alteration in metabolism to maintain body core temperature is called:

A. metabolic rate
B. thermoregulation
C. thermogenesis
D. energy expenditure

When oxidized, which of the following provides the highest respiratory quotient?

A. carbohydrate
B. protein
C. mixed diet
D. fat

What is the RQ for a high-alcohol or low-carbohydrate diet?

A. < 0.1
B. < 0.7
C. < 0.8
D. < 0.85

In a clinical setting, which RQ suggests that the patient is starving?

A. < 0.70
B. < 0.90
C. < 0.80
D. > 1.00

Which method of estimating energy expenditure requires the measurement of a urine sample?

A. Double labeled water method
B. Mifflin-St. Jeor equation
C. Direct caorimetry
D. Indirect calorimetry

The Harris-Benedict prediction equation requires knowledge of all of the following EXCEPT _____.

A. weight
B. body surface area
C. age
D. height

The Harris-Benedict equation and the Mifflin-St. Jeor equation were based on:

A. data from total daily energy expenditure measured by the doubly labeled water method
B. body surface area.
C. body weight raised to the power of three-fourths
D. data from indirect calorimetry

Mr. Q, age 40, is 6' tall, weighs 180 pounds and leads an active life. The Harris-Benedict equation for men is 66.5 + (13.7 x W) + (5.0 x H) - (6.8 x A). Using the Harris-Benedict equation, calculate Mr. Q's BMR.

A. BMR = 2031 kcal/day
B. BMR = 1830 kcal/day
C. BMR = 2254 kcal/day
D. BMR = 1468 kcal/day

A 21-year-old female college student weighs 120 lb. and is 5'4" tall and has a medium frame. She is consuming approximately 2700 kcal daily. What are her total energy needs? The Harris-Benedict equation for women is 655.1 + (9.56 x W) + (1.85 x H) - (4.7 x A). Use 1.5 for the physical activity factor.

A. 2309
B. 2067
C. 1379
D. 2206

A 21-year-old female college student weighs 120 lb. and is 5'4" tall and has a medium frame. She is consuming approximately 2700 kcal daily. The Harris-Benedict equation for women is 655.1 + (9.56 x W) + (1.85 x H) - (4.7 x A). Use 1.5 for the physical activity factor. Her present diet of 2700 kcal:

A. is meeting her kcal needs
B. would cause weight gain of about 1.0 lb per week
C. needs to be increased by 300 kcal
D. would cause about 1.0 lb per week weight loss

A 21-year-old female college student weighs 120 lb, and is 5'4" tall and has a medium frame. What is this woman's IBW (in pounds) calculated using the modified Devine formula?

A. 140
B. 120
C. 127
D. 135

An individual with anorexia nervosa:

A. is overly concerned with losing weight and being very thin.
B. seeks to eat without gaining weight
C. characteristically experiences tooth enamel erosion
D. is usually diagnosed with the female athlete triad

Statistically, what percentage of individuals with anorexia nervosa are likely to die from malnutition, suicide or medica complications?

A. about 15%
B. about 50%
C. about 30%
D. about 5%