Top 161-180

  1. Trileptal
    generic?
    oxcarbazepine
  2. Trileptal
    class?
    antiepileptic
  3. Trileptal
    MOA?
    may produce its antiseizure activity by blockade of voltage-sensitive sodium channels, resulting in stabilization of hyperexcited neural membranes, inhibition of repetitive neuronal firing, and diminution of propagation of synaptic impulses. Oxcarbazepine also increases potassium conductance and modulation of high-voltage activated calcium channels. After oral administration, oxcarbazepine is extensively metabolized to its pharmacologically active 10-monohydroxy metabolite (MHD).
  4. Trileptal
    dosage form?
    • Tablets
    • Oral suspension
  5. Xyzal
    generic?
    levocetirizine dihydrochloride
  6. Xyzal
    class?
    antiallergy agent
  7. Xyzal
    MOA?
    active enantiomer of cetirizine. It produces its effects by antagonizing the H1 (histimine) receptors in the periphery. It may also suppress histamine activity in the subcortical region of the CNS. In vitro binding studies revealed that levocetirizine has an affinity for the human H1-receptor 2-fold higher than that of cetirizine (Ki = 3 nmol/L vs. 6 nmol/L, respectively). The clinical relevance of this finding is unknown.
  8. Xyzal
    dosage form?
    • Tablets
    • Oral solution
  9. Concerta
    generic?
    methylphenidate hydrochloride (ER)
  10. Concerta
    class?
    CNS agent for ADHD
  11. Concerta
    MOA?
    a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. Its mechanism of action in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is not known. It is thought to block the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine into the presynaptic neuron and increase the release of these monoamines into the extraneuronal space. Concerta comprises an osmotically active trilayer core surrounded by a semipermeable membrane with an immediate-release drug overcoat.
  12. Concerta
    dosage form?
    Tablets (Extended-release)
  13. BuSpar
    generic?
    buspirone hydrochloride
  14. BuSpar
    class?
    antianxiety agent
  15. BuSpar
    MOA?
    The exact mechanism of action of buspirone in vivo is not known. It may be due to a number of changes in brain chemistry including; (1) locus ceruleus, (2) acting as a moderate presynaptic dopamine agonist, and (3) acting as a serotonin agonist. Buspirone does not significanty affect benzodiazepine or GABA receptors. Therapeutic improvement is usually seen within 7 days but may take as long as 21 days.
  16. BuSpar
    dosage form?
    Tablets
  17. Vyvanse
    generic?
    lisdexamfetamine dimesylate
  18. Vyvanse
    class?
    CNS agent for ADHD
  19. Vyvanse
    MOA?
    a prodrug of dextroamphetamine. Dextroamphetamine's mechanism of action in ADHD is unknown. In adults it causes CNS stimulation by a direct action on adrenergic receptors, releasing norepinephrine from storage sites.
  20. Vyvanse
    dosage form?
    Capsules
  21. Sinemet
    generic?
    carbidopa with levodopa
  22. Sinemet
    class?
    antiparkinson agent
  23. Sinemet
    MOA?
    levodopa crosses the blood-brain barrier and is converted into dopamine in the basal ganglia. A large portion of levodopa is converted to dopamine in extracerebral tissue. Dopamine does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Carbidopa inhibits dopa-decarboxylase in extracerebral tissue, thereby increasing the levels of levodopa available to the central nervous system, and decreases the side effects (nausea) seen from high levels of peripheral dopamine.
  24. Sinemet
    dosage form?
    Tablets
  25. Sinemet CR
    generic?
    carbidopa with levodopa
  26. Sinemet CR
    class?
    antiparkinson agent
  27. Sinemet CR
    MOA?
    levodopa crosses the blood-brain barrier and is converted into dopamine in the basal ganglia. A large portion of levodopa is converted to dopamine in extracerebral tissue. Dopamine does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Carbidopa inhibits dopa-decarboxylase in extracerebral tissue, thereby increasing the levels of levodopa available to the central nervous system, and decreases the side effects (nausea) seen from high levels of peripheral dopamine.
  28. Sinemet CR
    dosage form?
    Tablets
  29. Cleocin
    generic?
    clindamycin hydrochloride (oral)
  30. Cleocin
    class?
    antibiotic
  31. Cleocin
    MOA?
    binds to the 50 S subunit of susceptible bacterial ribosomes and suppresses protein synthesis.
  32. Cleocin
    dosage form?
    • Capsules
    • Granules for oral solution
  33. Aggrenox
    generic?
    dipyridamole and aspirin
  34. Aggrenox
    class?
    antiplatelet agent
  35. Aggrenox
    MOA?
    Dipyridamole inhibits platelet aggregation in response to platelet activation factor (PAF), collagen and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Its mechanism of action is due to an inhibition in the uptake of adenosine into platelets causing a stimulation of platelet adenylate cyclase and subsequent increase in platelet cyclic-3', 5'-adenosine monophosphate. Aspirin inhibits prostaglandin and thromboxane A2 synthesis by acetylating the enzyme cyclooxygenase. Thromboxane A2 induces platelet aggregation and causes vasoconstriction. Aspirin permanently inhibits the thromboxane A2 in platelets for the life of the platelet.
  36. Aggrenox
    dosage form?
    Capsules
  37. Enablex
    generic?
    darifenacin hydrobromide
  38. Enablex
    class?
    urinary bladder modifier
  39. Enablex
    MOA?
    competitive muscarinic receptor antagonist with a high affinity for the M3 receptor. Blockage of this receptor results in an increase in bladder capacity by decreasing the frequency of unstable detrusor contractions and increasing the volume threshold for unstable contractions.
  40. Enablex
    dosage form?
    Tablets (extended-release)
  41. Medrol
    generic?
    methylprednisolone
  42. Medrol
    class?
    anti-inflammatory
  43. Medrol
    MOA?
    adrenocorticoids bind to certain receptor proteins found in the cytoplasm of sensitive cells to form a steroid-receptor complex. This steroid-receptor complex enters the nucleus of the cell where it reacts with chromatin, or DNA. The steroid (or possibly the receptor) then uses stored information to stimulate or inhibit the transcription of m-RNA. The stimulation of m-RNA results in the synthesis of specific proteins and ultimately specific enzymes that carry out its antiallergy and anti-inflammatory actions.
  44. Medrol
    dosage form?
    • Tablets
    • Dosepak
    • Injection (Solu-Medrol)
    • Injection (Depo-Medrol)
  45. Lioresal
    generic?
    baclofen
  46. Lioresal
    class?
    muscle relaxant
  47. Lioresal
    MOA?
    Baclofen is an analog of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It most likely works at the spinal cord level, reducing both the flexor and extensor spasms. Its mechanism of action may be due to a hyperpolarization of afferent terminals resulting in inhibition of monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes.
  48. Lioresal
    dosage form?
    • Tablets
    • Injection
  49. Nystop
    generic?
    nystatin (topical)
  50. Nystop
    class?
    antifungal antibiotic
  51. Nystop
    MOA?
    an antimycotic polyene antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces noursei. Its mechanism of action is by binding to sterols in the cell membrane of susceptible Candida species and changing the permeability of the cell membrane. Nystatin is both fungicidal and fungistatic against many fungi. Nystatin is not absorbed from intact skin or mucous membranes.
  52. Nystop
    dosage form?
    • Topical powder
    • Topical cream
    • Topical ointment
  53. Imitrex
    generic?
    sumatriptan succinate
  54. Imitrex
    class?
    antimigrainous agent
  55. Imitrex
    MOA?
    a selective agonist for a vascular 5-hydroxytryptamine 1 receptor subtype with no significant affinity or pharmacological activity at other receptors including 5-HT2, 5-HT3, alpha1, alpha2, beta-adrenergic receptors. 5-HT1 receptor subtypes are present on cranial arteries in both dog and primate, on the human basilar artery, and in the vasculature of the isolated dura mater of humans. In these tissues, sumatriptan activates this receptor to cause vasoconstriction, an action in humans correlating with relief to migraine.
  56. Imitrex
    dosage form?
    • Tablets
    • Injection, sumatriptan (base) as the succinate salt
    • Nasal spray
  57. Dilantin Kapseals
    generic?
    phenytoin sodium (extended)
  58. Dilantin Kapseals
    class?
    antiepileptic
  59. Dilantin Kapseals
    MOA?
    increases the extrusion of sodium ions from neurons and cardiac myocytes. This produces a stabilization of the excitable membrane to repetitive stimuli. The primary site of action appears to be the motor cortex.
  60. Dilantin Kapseals
    dosage form?
    Capsules (extended-release)
  61. Phenergan
    generic?
    promethazine hydrochloride
  62. Phenergan
    class?
    antiemetic
  63. Phenergan
    MOA?
    competitively inhibits histamine at the H1 receptor site causing a spasmolytic and decongestant effect. Antihistimines will prevent, but not reverse, histamine-mediated reactions.
  64. Phenergan
    dosage form?
    • Tablets
    • Syrup, Phenergan Plain
    • Suppositories
    • Injection
  65. Orapred
    generic?
    prednisolone sodium phosphate
  66. Orapred
    class?
    anti-inflammatory
  67. Orapred
    MOA?
    Prednisolone is a synthetic adrenocorticoid with predominantly glucocorticoid properties. Its pharmacological effects include promotion of gluconeogenesis; increased deposition of glycogen in the liver; inhibition of the utilization of glucose; anti-insulin activity; increased catabolism of protein; increased lipolysis; stimulation of fat synthesis and storage; increased glomerular filtration rate with an increase in urinary excretion rate; increased calcium excretion; depressed production of eosinophils and lymphocytes; stimulation of erythropoiesis and production of polymorphonuclear leukocytes; and inhibition of inflammtory response.
  68. Orapred
    dosage form?
    • Tablets (regular, orally disintegrating)
    • Solution
  69. Millipred
    generic?
    prednisolone sodium phosphate
  70. Millipred
    class?
    anti-inflammatory
  71. Millipred
    MOA?
    Prednisolone is a synthetic adrenocorticoid with predominantly glucocorticoid properties. Its pharmacological effects include promotion of gluconeogenesis; increased deposition of glycogen in the liver; inhibition of the utilization of glucose; anti-insulin activity; increased catabolism of protein; increased lipolysis; stimulation of fat synthesis and storage; increased glomerular filtration rate with an increase in urinary excretion rate; increased calcium excretion; depressed production of eosinophils and lymphocytes; stimulation of erythropoiesis and production of polymorphonuclear leukocytes; and inhibition of inflammatory response.
  72. Millipred
    dosage form?
    • Tablets (regular, orally disintegrating)
    • Solution
  73. Yaz
    generic?
    drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol (24)
  74. Yaz
    class?
    oral contraceptive
  75. Yaz
    MOA?
    oral contraceptives cause suppression of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulation hormone (FSH) resulting in the inhibition of ovulation. Thickening of the cervical mucous (inhibiting sperm penetration) and alteration of the endometrium (which inhibits implantation) may also contribute to their effectiveness. The progestin drospirenone is a spironolactone analogue with antimineralcorticoid activity including the retention of potassium.
  76. Yaz
    dosage form?
    Tablets (28 day blister packs)
  77. Bumex
    generic?
    bumetanide
  78. Bumex
    class?
    diuretic
  79. Bumex
    MOA?
    inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. It also exerts a diuretic action in the proximal tubule, but not noticeably in the distal tubule.
  80. Bumex
    dosage form?
    • Tablets
    • Injection
  81. Remeron
    generic?
    mirtazapine
  82. Remeron
    class?
    antidepressant
  83. Remeron
    MOA?
    mechanism of action may be due to its action as an antagonist of central presynaptic alpha-2 adrenergic inhibitory autoreceptors and heteroreceptors, an action that is postulated to result in an increase in central noradrenergic and serotonergic activity. Mirtazapine is also a potent antagonist of serotonin 5HT2 and 5HT3 receptors. It also a potent inhibitor of histamine H1 receptors and a moderate inhibitor of adrenergic alpha-1 and muscarinic receptors.
  84. Remeron
    dosage form?
    Tablets (regular, orally disintegrating)
  85. Lopid
    generic?
    gemfibrozil
  86. Lopid
    class?
    antihyperlipidemic
  87. Lopid
    MOA?
    decreases serum triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol and increases HDL-cholesterol. Reduction of triglycerides is due to an inhibition of peripheral lipolysis and reduction of hepatic extraction of free fatty acids. Reduction of VLDL-cholesterol is due to an inhibition of the synthesis of VLDL carrier apolipoprotein B. It is not known how gemfibrozil increases HDL-cholesterol.
  88. Lopid
    dosage form?
    Tablets
  89. Plaquenil
    generic?
    hydroxychloroquine sulfate
  90. Plaquenil
    class?
    antimalarial
  91. Plaquenil
    MOA?
    The exact mechanism of action of hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of malaria is unknown. It may raise the pH of certain components in sensitive parasites and interfere with lysosomal degradation of hemoglobin. It does not affect the exoerthrocytic tissue stages and therefore is not indicated for prophylaxis. It has a very large volume of distribution which adds to its long half-life of 3 days. Its mechanism of action in the treatment of discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis is unknown.
  92. Plaquenil
    dosage form?
    Tablets
  93. Patanol
    generic?
    olopatadine hydrochloride (ophthalmic)
  94. Patanol
    class?
    ophthalmic anti-allergy
  95. Patanol
    MOA?
    an inhibitor of the release of histamine from the mast cell and a relatively selective histamine H-1-antagonist that inhibits the type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction including inhibition of histamine induced effects on human conjunctival epithelial cells. Systemic absorption following topical use is very low.
  96. Patanol
    dosage form?
    Ophthalmic drops: 0.1% olopatadine HCl
  97. Pataday
    generic?
    olopatadine hydrochloride (ophthalmic)
  98. Pataday
    class?
    ophthalmic anti-allergy
  99. Pataday
    MOA?
    an inhibitor of the release of histamine from the mast cell and a relatively selective histamine H-1-antagonist that inhibits the type 1 immediate hypersensitivity reaction including inhibition of histamine induced effects on human conjunctival epithelial cells. Systemic absorption following topical use is very low.
  100. Pataday
    dosage form?
    Ophthalmic drops: 0.2% olopatadine HCl
  101. Symbicort
    generic?
    budesonide and formoterol fumarate dihydrate (inhalation)
  102. Symbicort
    class?
    antiasthmatic
  103. Symbicort
    MOA?
    Budesonide in a potent anti-inflammatory corticosteroid which shows inhibitory activities against multiple cell types (eg, mast cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, and lymphocytes) and mediators (eg, histamine, eicosanoids, leukotrienes, and cytokines). Formoterol is a long-acting selective beta-2-adrenergic agonist which acts locally in the lung as a bronchodilator. Formoterol, through stimulation of adenyl cyclase, relaxes smooth muscle and inhibits the release of mast cell mediators such as histamine and leukotrienes.
  104. Symbicort
    dosage form?
    Metered Dose Inhaler (MDI)
  105. Necon 1/35
    generic?
    norethindrone and ethinyl estradiol
  106. Necon 1/35
    class?
    oral contraceptive
  107. Necon 1/35
    MOA?
    cause suppression of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulation hormone (FSH) resulting in the inhibition of ovulation. Thickening of the cervical mucous (inhibiting sperm penetration) and alteration of the endometrium (which inhibits implantation) may also contribute to their effectiveness.
  108. Necon 1/35
    dosage form?
    1/35-28 day pack
  109. Ortho Novum 1/35
    generic?
    norethindrone and ethinyl estradiol
  110. Ortho Novum 1/35
    class?
    oral contraceptive
  111. Ortho Novum 1/35
    MOA?
    cause suppression of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulation hormone (FSH) resulting in the inhibition of ovulation. Thickening of the cervical mucous (inhibiting sperm penetration) and alteration of the endometrium (which inhibits implantation) may also contribute to their effectiveness.
  112. Ortho Novum 1/35
    dosage form?
    1/35-28 day pack
  113. Nortrel 1/35
    generic?
    norethindrone and ethinyl estradiol
  114. Nortrel 1/35
    class?
    oral contraceptive
  115. Nortrel 1/35
    MOA?
    cause suppression of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulation hormone (FSH) resulting in the inhibition of ovulation. Thickening of the cervical mucous (inhibiting sperm penetration) and alteration of the endometrium (which inhibits implantation) may also contribute to their effectiveness.
  116. Nortrel 1/35
    dosage form?
    1/35-28 day pack
  117. Androgel
    generic?
    testosterone gel (topical)
  118. Androgel
    class?
    hormone
  119. Androgel
    MOA?
    Endrogenous androgens, including testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) are the major sex hormones in males and are involved in development of the male sex characteristics. Testosterone and DHT binds to certain receptor proteins found in the cytoplasm of sensitive cells and forms an hormone-receptor complex. This hormone-receptor complex enters the nucleus of the cell where it reacts with chromatin, or DNA. The hormone, or possibly the receptor, then uses stored information to stimulate, or in some cases inhibit, the transcription of m-RNA. The stimulation of m-RNA results in the synthesis of specific proteins and ultimately specific enzymes that carry out its actions. Topically applied testosterone gel provides continuous absorption of testosterone for 24 hours.
  120. Androgel
    dosage form?
    • Topical 1% gel pump
    • Topical 1% gel foil packets
    • Topical 1.62% gel
  121. Fortesta
    generic?
    testosterone gel (topical)
  122. Fortesta
    class?
    hormone
  123. Fortesta
    MOA?
    Endrogenous androgens, including testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) are the major sex hormones in males and are involved in development of the male sex characteristics. Testosterone and DHT binds to certain receptor proteins found in the cytoplasm of sensitive cells and forms an hormone-receptor complex. This hormone-receptor complex enters the nucleus of the cell where it reacts with chromatin, or DNA. The hormone, or possibly the receptor, then uses stored information to stimulate, or in some cases inhibit, the transcription of m-RNA. The stimulation of m-RNA results in the synthesis of specific proteins and ultimately specific enzymes that carry out its actions. Topically applied testosterone gel provides continuous absorption of testosterone for 24 hours.
  124. Fortesta
    dosage form?
    Topical 2% gel
  125. Testim
    generic?
    testosterone gel (topical)
  126. Testim
    class?
    hormone
  127. Testim
    MOA?
    Endrogenous androgens, including testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) are the major sex hormones in males and are involved in development of the male sex characteristics. Testosterone and DHT binds to certain receptor proteins found in the cytoplasm of sensitive cells and forms an hormone-receptor complex. This hormone-receptor complex enters the nucleus of the cell where it reacts with chromatin, or DNA. The hormone, or possibly the receptor, then uses stored information to stimulate, or in some cases inhibit, the transcription of m-RNA. The stimulation of m-RNA results in the synthesis of specific proteins and ultimately specific enzymes that carry out its actions. Topically applied testosterone gel provides continuous absorption of testosterone for 24 hours.
  128. Testim
    dosage form?
    gel
  129. Clozaril
    generic?
    clozapine
  130. Clozaril
    class?
    antipsychotic
  131. Clozaril
    MOA?
    classified as an "atypical" antipsychotic drug because its profile of binding to dopamine receptors and its effects on various dopamine mediated behaviors differ from those exhibited by more typical antipsychotic drugs. In particular, although clozapine does interfere with the binding of dopamine at both D-1 and D-2 receptors, it does not induce catalepsy nor inhibit apomorphine-induced stereotypy. This may explain its relative freedom from extrapyramidal side effects. Clozapine also acts as an antagonist at adrenergic, cholinergic, histaminergic and serotonergic receptors.
  132. Clozaril
    dosage form?
    Tablets
  133. Chantix
    generic?
    varenicline tartrate
  134. Chantix
    class?
    smoking cessation aid
  135. Chantix
    MOA?
    partial agonist at nicotinic receptors in the brain. Its mechanism of action appears to be due to selective binding to the alpha-4-beta-2 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Varenicline has mild agonist activity at these receptors although at a much less degree than that of nicotine. By occupying these receptor sites, varenicline prevents stimulation by nicotine of the central nervous mesolimbic dopamine system. This is the system believed to be responsible for the positive reward effect experienced through smoking. Varenicline also has mild affinity to serotonin 5-HT3 receptors.
  136. Chantix
    dosage form?
    Tablets
  137. Levemir
    generic?
    insulin detemir (Levemir)
  138. Levemir
    class?
    antidiabetic
  139. Levemir
    MOA?
    insulin is the primary hormone responsible for carrying out proper glucose utilization in metaboic processes. In adipose and muscle tissue, insulin activates specific enzymes, promotes the transport of monosaccharides (including glucose) across cell membranes and facilitates the transformation of intracellular amino acids into proteins. Insulin detemir is a recombinant human insulin analog that is long-acting (up to 24 hours). Insulin detemir differs from human insulin in that the amino acid threonine at position B30 has been omitted, and a C14 fatty acid chain has been attached to the amino acid B29. Insulin detemir produces a prolonged action after injection due to a strong self-association of drug molecules and albumin binding.
  140. Levemir
    dosage form?
    Solution for injection
  141. Pyridium
    generic?
    phenazopyridine hydrochloride
  142. Pyridium
    class?
    urinary tract analgesic
  143. Pyridium
    MOA?
    excreted in the urine where it exerts a topical analgesic effect on the urinary tract mucosa. Clinical effects include relief of pain, burning, urgency and frequency. Phenazopydridine's exact mechanism of action is unknown.
  144. Pyridium
    dosage form?
    Tablets
  145. Viagra
    generic?
    sildenafil citrate
  146. Viagra
    class?
    Agent for erectile dysfunction
  147. Viagra
    MOA?
    The physiology of the erection of the penis involves the release of nitric oxide in the corpus cavernosum following sexual stimulation. Nitric oxide then activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase which increases cGMP resulting in smooth muscle relaxation in the corpus cavernosum and allowing inflow of blood. Sildenafil citrate inhibits phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) which is responsible for degradation of cGMP in the corpus cavernosum. The increased levels of cGMP allows inflow of blood and resulting erection. Sildenafil citrate has no effect in the absence of sexual stimulation.
  148. Viagra
    dosage form?
    Tablets
  149. Januvia
    generic?
    sitagliptin phosphate
  150. Januvia
    class?
    antidiabetic
  151. Januvia
    MOA?
    inhibits the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DDP-4) enzyme. DDP-4 is responsible for deactivating the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). These hormones are released by the intestine in response to food and are credited with increasing insulin synthesis and release from pancreatice beta cells. GLP-1 also decreases hepatic glucose production by lowering glucagon secretion from pancreatic alpha cells. By inhibiting DDP-4, sitagliptin increases insulin and decreases glucagon in response to elevated blood glucose. Inhibition of DDP-4 by sitagliptin lasts for 24 hours.
  152. Januvia
    dosage form?
    Tablets
  153. Prometrium
    generic?
    progesterone (oral)
  154. Prometrium
    class?
    hormone replacement
  155. Prometrium
    MOA?
    Progestins increase the synthesis of RNA by interacting with chromatin (DNA), causing the transformation of proliferative endometrium into secretory endometrium in women with adequate endogenous estrogen.
  156. Prometrium
    dosage form?
    Capsules
  157. Strattera
    generic?
    atomoxetine hydrochloride
  158. Strattera
    class?
    CNS agent for ADHD
  159. Strattera
    MOA?
    The exact mechanism of action of atomoxetine in the treatment of ADHD is unknown. It may be related to a selective inhibition of the pre-synaptic norepinephrine transporter. After oral absorption, atomoxetine undergoes oxidative metabolism through the CYP2D6 pathway.
  160. Strattera
    dosage form?
    Capsules
  161. Peridex
    generic?
    chlorhexidine gluconate
  162. Peridex
    class?
    antiplaque rinse
  163. Peridex
    MOA?
    an effective antimicrobial against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and does not seem to result in significant bacterial resistance. Its activity is caused by a disruption of the plasma membrane of the bacterial cell. Peridex is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. After rinsing, 30% of the active ingredient chlorhexidine gluconate is retained in the oral cavity. The retained drug is slowly released into the oral fluids.
  164. Peridex
    dosage form?
    Oral rinse
  165. Periogard
    generic?
    chlorhexidine gluconate
  166. Periogard
    class?
    antiplaque rinse
  167. Periogard
    MOA?
    an effective antimicrobial against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and does not seem to result in significant bacterial resistance. Its activity is caused by disruption of the plasma membrane of the bacterial cell. After rinsing, 30% of the active ingredient chlorhexidine gluconate is retained in the oral cavity. The retained drug is slowly released into the oral fluids.
  168. Periogard
    dosage form?
    Oral rinse
  169. Voltaren Gel
    generic?
    diclofenac sodium (topical)
  170. Voltaren Gel
    class?
    nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
  171. Voltaren Gel
    MOA?
    The exact mechanism of action of diclofenac is unknown. It may be due to decreased prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and prostacyclin formation through an inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX), an early component of the arachidonic acid cascade. Systemic exposure after topical application is much less than after oral administration.
  172. Voltaren Gel
    dosage form?
    Gel: 1% diclofenac sodium
  173. Estrace
    generic?
    estradiol (oral)
  174. Estrace
    class?
    hormone/estrogen
  175. Estrace
    MOA?
    17 beta-estradiol is the major estrogenic hormone secreted by the human. Estradiol binds to certain receptor proteins found in the cytoplasm of sensitive cells and forms an estrogen-receptor complex. This estrogen-receptor complex enters the nucleus of the cell where it reacts with chromatin, or DNA. THe estrogen, or possibly the receptor, then uses stored information to stimulate, or in some cases inhibit, the transcription of m-RNA. The stimulation of m-RNA results in the synthesis of specific proteins and ultimately specific enzymes that carry out its actions. Estrogens cause growth and development of the vagina, uterus, and fallopian tubes, enlargement of the breasts, and other tangible and intangible attributes of femininity.
  176. Estrace
    dosage form?
    Tablets
  177. Evista
    generic?
    raloxifene hydrochloride
  178. Evista
    class?
    osteoporosis agent
  179. Evista
    MOA?
    a selective estrogen receptor modulator. Decreases in estrogen levels after menopause lead to bone resorption and bone loss. Raloxifene decreases bone resorption by producing an estrogen-like effect on bone. It also possesses estrogen-like activity on lipid metabolism (decrease in total and LDL cholesterol levels). Raloxifene is an estrogen antagonist in uterine and breast tissue.
  180. Evista
    dosage form?
    Tablets
  181. Humulin
    generic?
    insulin (Humulin)
  182. Humulin
    class?
    antidiabetic
  183. Humulin
    MOA?
    Insulin is the primary hormone responsible for carrying out proper glucose utilization in metabolic processes. In adipose and muscle tissue, insulin activates specific enzymes, promotes the transport of monosaccharides (including glucose) across cell membranes and facilitates the transformation of intracellular amino acids into proteins. Insulin also decreases the formation of triglycerides. Humulin insulins are semisynthetic formulations of human insulin.
  184. Humulin
    dosage form?
    • NPH (N): Isophane insulin suspension, 100 units/mL
    • Regular (R): Insulin, 100 units/mL and 500 units/mL
    • 70/30: 70% isophane/30% insuli, 100 units/mL
  185. Levsin
    generic?
    hyoscyamine sulfate
  186. Levsin
    class?
    GI antispasmodic
  187. Levsin
    MOA?
    inhibits the muscarinic action of acetylcholine on smooth muscle. Blockage does not occur at the autonomic ganglia. Hyoscyamine relaxes bladder smooth muscle which decreases urgency, frequency, urinary leakage, and dysuria. It also inhibits gastric, pharyngeal, tracheal, and bronchial secretions.
  188. Levsin
    dosage form?
    • Tablets (regular, sublingual)
    • Elixir
    • Drops
  189. Levbid
    generic?
    hyoscyamine sulfate
  190. Levbid
    class?
    GI antispasmodic
  191. Levbid
    MOA?
    inhibits the muscarinic action of acetylcholine on smooth muscle. Blockage does not occur at the autonomic ganglia. Hyoscyamine relaxes bladder smooth muscle which decreases urgency, frequency, urinary leakage, and dysuria. It also inhibits gastric, pharyngeal, tracheal, and bronchial secretions.
  192. Levbid
    dosage form?
    Tablets (extended-release)
  193. Anaspaz
    generic?
    hyoscyamine sulfate
  194. Anaspaz
    class?
    GI antispasmodic
  195. Anaspaz
    MOA?
    inhibits the muscarinic action of acetylcholine on smooth muscle. Blockage does not occur at the autonomic ganglia. Hyoscyamine relaxes smooth muscle which decreases urgency, frequency, urinary leakage, and dysuria. It also inhibits gastric, pharyngeal, tracheal, and bronchial secretions.
  196. Anaspaz
    dosage form?
    • Tablets (regular, sublingual)
    • Elixir
    • Drops
  197. Hyomax
    generic?
    hyoscyamine sulfate
  198. Hyomax
    class?
    GI antispasmodic
  199. Hyomax
    MOA?
    inhibits the muscarinic action of acetylcholine on smooth muscle. Blockage does not occur at the autonomic ganglia. Hyoscyamine relaxes smooth muscle which decreases urgency, frequency, urinary leakage, and dyuria. It also inhibits gastric, pharyngeal, tracheal, and bronchial secretions.
  200. Hyomax
    dosage form?
    • Tablets (regular, sublingual)
    • Elixir
    • Drops
  201. Micardis
    generic?
    telmisartan
  202. Micardis
    class?
    antihypertensive
  203. Micardis
    MOA?
    Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor, the primary vasoactive hormone of the renin-angiotensin system and an important component in the pathophysiology of hypertension. It also stimulates aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex. Telmisartan blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II by selectively blocking the binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor found in many tissues. Telmisartan does not inhibit ACE or bind to or block other hormone receptors or ion channels known to be important in cardiovascular regulation.
  204. Micardis
    dosage form?
    Tablets (individually sealed in blister packs)
Author
VASUpharm14
ID
124669
Card Set
Top 161-180
Description
Top 161-200
Updated