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What does oppression mean?
Prolonged cruel or unjust treatment or control, or the state of being subject to such treatment or control.
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What is exploitation?
Appropriating unpaid labor (surplus value) that the worker created in the process of production or mining.
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Describe the characteristics of underdevelopment, using Latin America as your model, to tell the causes, consequences, benefited classes, how did they benefit, which were effected in a negative way, and how?
- Military conquest.
- Settlement and colonization/expropriation of resources by force.
- Enslave/use locals as wage labor.
- Wages earned are then sent back to colonial power (ex. Britain).
- Any wages left over, the creole class spends on personal processions or symbols of wealth (ex. homes, jewelry).
- The struggle for independence begins amongst locals form 1809-1824.
- Britain takes control after 1824 in Latin America as an informal empire, their capital dominates society.Slavery ends.
- Capitalist agriculture begins AKA the "1 crop shop".
- Political independence is gained and changes, the locals start managing the British capital.
- Underdevelopment happens because locals have no control over production, the 1 crop economy is the result of agriculture, banking, and manufacturing don't develop in the local economy, untimely resulting in poverty.
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What are the consquences of new imperialism?
- Territorial division is complete, by leading capitalist states.
- The conquest of Africa was on the rise.
- Militarism is on the rise, leading to WW 1&2.
- Beginning of national liberation struggles in the under-developed countries.
- Continuing struggle of the leading capitalist states for hegemony in the world.
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What are the basic features or characteristics associated with the nw imperialism of the late 19th century?
- Capital has reached the monopolization of society.
- Merging banking and industrial capital.
- Companies form conglomerates in industries that they use to reuduce the cost of business.
- Rise of multi-industry corporations.
- Economic exploitation of foreign peoples using military force.
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What is a hegemony?
Leadership or dominance, esp. by one country or social group.
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What is the Marxian definition of a state, as described by Lenin?
A special organzation of force or violence organized by the ruling class for the suppression of other classes.
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14 events in chronological order
- 1400-1500 rise of capitalist economy in England
- 1689 Sencond Treaties of Government published.
- 1775-1824 Bourgeois Revolution in France
- 1787 Federalist Paper #10 published
- 1789 French Revolution
- 1770-1800 1st industrial revolution
- 1815-1875 Industrial capitalist states fought wars against colonized peoples around the world.
- 1815-1917 Liberalism, socialism, and nationalism throughout Europe; rise of Trade Union movements.
- 1848 Publication of the Communist Manifesto
- 1860-2010 2nd Industrial revolution
- 1914 WW1
- 1917 Bolshevik Revolution
- 1917 State of Revolution published
- 1939-45 WW2
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What are the main imparitives of capitalism?
- Competition
- Profit maximization
- Constanly revolutionizing the forces of production
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What doe unilateral mean?
Performed by affecting only one person, group, or country involved in a particular situation w/out the agreement of another or the others.
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