Toulman Argument Model

1. Purpose of the argument. 2. thesis

1. Support for the claim 2. data, evidence, and grounds

1. works from assumptions 2. gives the writer credibility in order to proceed 3. might be disputed, in which case the writer must defend

A statement that links a claim to a supporting reason. an argument in brief.

indicate the limits of your claim. Include words like: few, rarely, some, in some cases, in the main...etc.

An answer that challenges or refute a specific claim or change 1. it gives voice to objections to your argument 2. butteress your own claims here they are weak

The evidence in support of your warrent

teaches that claims should consistently use the three traditional appeals of ethos, logos, and pathos

Greek for "embodied thought," writers and speakers appeal to reason

Emotion. Writers use this appeal when they evoke personal prejudice and biases of the audience or reader. Appeal to emotion

Speakers and writers appeal to their own character, reputation, credibility, and intelligence, to demonstrate that they ae credible and trustworthy

Toulman argument format