DOQ Questions 51-100

What word refers to the small group of people out of a total population being studied?

One way to avoid a non-representative sample is to give each individual an equal chance of being represented. What is this called?

53.What term refers to subgroups in the population being proportionately represented in the sample?

54.Research method in which the psychologist observes a subject in a natural setting without interfering.

55.Research method that involves an intensive investigation of one or more participants.

56.Research method in which data is collected about a sample over a number of years.

57.Research method in which data is collected from people of different ages and compared so that conclusions canbe drawn about differences due to age.

58.Research method in which information is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions.

59.The measure of a relationship between two variables.

60.Any factor that is capable of change.

61.What kind of correlation exists when both variables move in the same direction?

62.What kind of correlation exists when both variables move in opposite directions?

63.What is the only kind of research method which establishes a cause and effect relationship between twovariables?

64.In an experiment, which group receives the independent variable?

65.In an experiment, which group does not receive the independent variable?

66.What is an experiment called in which the participants are unaware of which participants received thetreatment?

67.What is an experiment called in which both the participants and the experimenter are unaware of which participants received the treatment?

68.What are the two kinds of statistics?

69.What are the three measures of central tendency?

70.What are two other terms for a normal curve?

71.What percentage of the population falls within 1 standard deviation of the mean?

72.What percentage of the population falls within 2 standard deviation of the mean?

73.What percentage of the population falls within 3 standard deviation of the mean?

74.How do you calculate standard deviation?

75.How do you calculate variance?

76.What is the symbol for the Pearson correlation coefficient?

77.What numbers represent a perfect correlation?

78.What number represents no correlation?

79.If the probability that results are due to chance is less than 5%, then the results are considered what?

80.Who conducted the conformity experiment?

81.Who conducted the obedience to authority experiment?

82.Who conducted the Stanford Prison experiment?

83.An inclination to over attribute others� behavior tointernal causes and to discount situational factors.

84.Tendency to view one�s successes as stemming from internal factors and one�s failures as stemming fromexternal factors.

85.An increase in performance in front of a crowd.

86.A decrease in performance in front of a crowd.

87.Theory that discussion reinforces the majority�s point of view and shifts opinions to more extreme positions.

88.Poor group decision making that occurs because a group emphasizes unity over critical thinking.

89.Method of gaining compliance by getting a person toagree to a relatively minor request first.

90.Method of gaining compliance by first making an outrageous request and then replying to the refusal witha more reasonable request.

91.Unselfishly helping others for reasons other than rewards.

92.When the presence of others lessens an individual�s feelings of responsibility for his or her actions.

93.Tendency of a person to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present.

94.Tendency for people to work less hard when sharing the workload than when they are working alone.

95.Individuals behave irrationally when there is less chance of being personally identified.

96.State of unpleasant psychological tension that arises when a person experiences contradictory thoughts or beliefs.

97.The need to rationalize one�s attitude and behavior.

98.Change in attitude opposite to the one desired by the persuader.

99.The delayed impact on attitude change of a persuasive communication.

100.Method of developing resistance to persuasion by exposing a person to arguments that challenge his or herbeliefs so that he or she can practice defending them