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Prolactin
- Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)
- stimulates milk production in mammary glands
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Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)
- Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)
- increases synthesis of melanin pigment
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Growth Hormone (GH)
- anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)
- promotes protein synthesis
- stimulates most body cells to grow and divide, esp bones and skeletal muscles
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Thyrotropin (TT, or Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, TSH)
- Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)
- stimulates thyroid gland to produce and release thyroid hormone (TH)
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Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH, or corticotropin)
- anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)
- stimulates adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids to help the body resist stressors
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Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
- anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)
- stimulates game production and, in femals, the maturation of egg-containing ovarian follicles
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Lutenizing Hormone (LH)
- anterior pituitary (adnohypophysis)
- (females) triggers ovulation and ovarian production of estrogens and progesterone
- (males) sitmulates testicular production of testosterone
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Oxytocin
- Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)
- stimulates uterine contractions, initiates labor and triggers milk release by mammary glands
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Vasopressin (or antidiuretic hormone, ADH)
- posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)
- regulates body/blood water balance by stimulating kidney tubule cells to resorb water
- increased blood volume helps maintain BP
- (large amounts), acts as a vasoconstrictor (only in extreme cases of blood loss or dehydration)
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Thyroid Hormone (TH)
- Thyroid
- mostly thyroxine (T4), with triiodothyronine (t3) stimulates glucose oxidation and basal metabolic rate
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Calcitonin (CT, or thyrocalcitonin)
- thyroid
- lowers blood calcium levels by inhibiting bone resorption and by increasing uptake of calcium and depostion in bone matrix
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Parathormone (or Parathyroid hormone, PTH)
- parathyroids
- regulates calcium-phosphate metabolism
- increases blood calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption, and by increasing kidney retention and intestinal absorption of calcium
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Mineralcorticoids (aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone)
- adrenal cortex
- regulates mineral salt concentration in extracellular fluids esp Na/K balance (aldosterone's effect on kidneys is most important)
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Glucocorticoids (cortisone, corticosterone, hydrocortisone or cortisol)
- adrenal cortex
- maintain blood sugar and water levels, metabolize fats, amino acids and proteins into carbohydrates and glucose
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Cortical sex hormones (adrogens esp Testosterone; estrogens esp progesterone)
- adrenal cortex
- stimulate secondary sexual characteriscs esp in the male (mino source compared to gonads)
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Epinephrine (or adrenaline)
- Adrenal medulla
- reinforces "fight-or-flight" reaction esp increasing heart and metabolic rate
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Norepinephrine (or noradrenaline)
- adrenal medulla
- reinforces "fight-or-flight" reaction esp increasing peripheral vasoconstriction
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Melatonin
- Pineal (epiphysis)
- inhibits release gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) by hypothalamus/anterior pituitary regulating onset of sexual maturity
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Thymic Humoral Factor (THF, or Thymosin, or Thymic Hormone)
- thymus
- stimulates immunologic competence in T-lymphocytes
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