-
Oil Enema
- Lubricates Stool
- (retention)
-
Carminative Enema
- Relieve gaseous distention
- (retention)
-
Kayexalate Enema
- Eliminate potassium
- (retention)
-
Lactulose Enema
- Eliminate lactase
- (retention)
-
Tap Water Enema
- Cleansing/return flow
- Harris Flush
-
-
Soap Suds Enema
- irritates bowels--peristasis
- cleansing
-
fleets enema
- most popular
- pulls water into stool
-
Hydrocolloid dressing
- Not for infections (doesn't let anything out or in)
- for stage 1,2,3 wounds
-
Hydrogel
- moist environment
- for stage 2,3,4
-
Tegaderm
transparent for stage 1 without moisture
-
Foam dressing
for ALL stages with excessive drainage
-
Intradermal Injection
- tuberculin syringe (upper limit=0.5)
- injection angle <15°
-
SubQ Injection
- used for insulin, heparin, and some immunizations
- insulin or tb syringe (upper limit=1mL)
- 3/8-1" needle
- 25-30 G
- Inject at 45-90° (pinch 2 inch) angle
-
IM injection: Deltoid
- 1 mL upper limit
- 5/8-1" needle
- 23-25 G
- Inject at 72-90°
-
IM injection: Vastus Lateralis/Ventro Gluteal
- 3-4 mL upper limit
- 1-2" needle
- 21-23 G
- Inject at 72-90°
-
IV Therapy:
24/26 Gauge
neo, peds, gero
-
-
IV Therapy: Gauge 20
minor surgery
-
IV Therapy: Gauge 18
trauma, ER
-
IV Therapy: Gauge 14/16
Major surgery
-
-
-
-
Change IV solution
Q24 hrs
-
NS
- Isotonic-fluid replacement with vommitting, etc.
- watch for overload
-
D5W
- hypotonic in body
- treat hypernatremia
- watch for water intoxication and dilutional hyponatremia
-
LR
- Isotonic (expands plasma)
- no calories
- used with GI losses and operations
- do not give longer than 48 hrs
-
Hetastarch
- Isotonic
- RAPID volume expansion
- may cause bleeding
- watch for circulatory overload
- used for cardiogenic, hemorrhagic, or septic shock
-
0.45% NS
0.33% NS
- Hypotonic fluid
- Hydrates CELLno calories
- treat hypernatremia
-
D5 1/2NS
- Hypertonic
- Good Maintenance fluid
- calories, free water, sodium chloride
- promotes hydrationa dn diuresis in dehydrated pts
- replace GI losses
-
D50
- very hypertonic
- Treats hypoglycemia
- can cause osmotic diuresis
-
Albumin 25%
- colloid
- expands plasma volume
- increase plasma oncotic pressure
- USE WITH CAUTION IN CARDIAC/RENAL PT
-
Isotonic
- Increases intravascular space but maintains osmolarity (no effect WITHIN cells)
- Expands intravascular compartment
- for intravascular dehydration, and hypernatremia
Monitor for fluid overload and hyponatremia
-
Hypotonic
- decreases osmolarity
- pulls fluid INTO cells and OUT of intravascular compartment
- Very uncommon
- not for pts with head trauma, ICP, neurosurgery, low BP, or 3rd spacing issues
-
Hypertonic
- increases osmolarity
- draws fluid INTO intravascular compartment OUT of cells
- watch for circulatory overload
- NOT for pts with impaired kidney function (DKA)
- treats Ascites and 3rd spacing
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