Learning

the modification through experience of pre-existing behavior and understanding

the process of adapting to stimuli that do not change

a procedure in which a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with a stimulus that elicits a reflex or other response until until the neutral stimulu alone comes to elicit a similar response

a stimulus that elicits a response without conditioning

the originally neutral stimulus that, through pairing with the unconditioned stimulus, comes to elicit a conditioned response

the automatic or unlearned reaction to a stimulus

the response that the conditioned stimulus elicits

the gradual disappearance of a conditioned response when a conditioned stimulus no longer predicts the appearance of an unconditioned stimulus

the quick relearning of a conditioned response following extintion

the reappearance of the conditioned response after extinction and without further pairings of the conditioned and unconditioned stimuli

a phenomenon in which a conditioned response is elicited by stimuli that are similar but not identical to the conditioned stimulus

a process through which individuals learn to differentiate among similar stimuli and respond appropriately to each one

a phenomenon in which a conditioned stimulus acts like an unconditioned stimulus, creating conditioned stimuli out of events associated with it

a law stating that if a response made in the presence of a particular stimulus is followed by staifaction, that response is more likely the next time the stimulus is encountered

a process through which an organism learns to respond to the environment in a way that produces positive consequences and avoids negative ones

a process through which an organism learns to respond to the environment in a way that produces positive consequences and avoids negative ones

a response that has some effect on the world

a stimulus even that increases the probability that the response that immediately preceded it will occur again

stimuli that strenghen a response if they follow that response

the removal of unpleasant stimuli, such as pain

a type of learning in which an organism learns to make a particular response in order to terminate an aversive stimulus

a type of learning in which an organism responds to a signal in a way that prevents exposure to an aversive stimulus

stimuli that signal whether reinforcement is available if a certain response is made

the process of reinforcing responses that come successively closer to the desired response

reinforcers that meet an organsim's basic needs, such as food and water

a reward that people or animals learn to like

a pattern in which a reinforcer is delivered every time a particular response occurs

a pattern in which a reinforcer is administered only some of the time after after a particular response occurs

a partila reinforcement schdule that provides reinforcement follwing a fixed number of responses

a partial reinforcement scheduleb that provides reinforcement for the first response that occurs after some fixed time has passed since the last reward

a partial reinforcement schedule that provides reinforcement for the first response that occurs after some fixed time has passed since the last reward

a partial reinforcement schdule that provides reinforcement for the first response after varying periods of time

the gradual disappearance of operant behavior due to elimination of rewarding for that behavior

a phenomenon in which behaviors learned under a partial reinforcement schdule are more difficult to extinguish than behaviors learned on a continuous reinforcement schedule

presentation of an aversive stimulus or the removal of a pleasant stimulus

learning that responses do not affect consequences, resulting in failure to try to exert control over the environment

learning that is not demonstrated at the time it occurs

a mental representation of the environment

a sudden understanding about what is required to solbe a problem

learning how to perform new behaviors by watching others

learning conditioned responses by watching what happens to others