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House Of Reps
- 2 year terms
- must live in state representing
- 25 year old min
- citizen for 7 years
- number of reps based on state population
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Senate
- 6 year term
- 30 years old min
- 9 years citizen
- 2 reps per state
- originally picked by state legsilature - fixed by 17th amendment
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Electoral College
- 558 Members
- 3 Senate from DC
- >270 needed for Pres election
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Coattail Effect
Candidate rides platform of Pres if in same party
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Criticisms of Media
- Shallow
- Creates illusion of knowledge
- often misrepresents facts
- entertainment as news - infotainement
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Functions of Media
- Gate Keeper - Determines what news goes national
- Watch Dog - Expose bad behavior of of politicians
- Score Keeper - Interprets results of political actions / make or break politicians
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Political and Press Ground Rules
- Off the Record - Can't print or quote
- On Deep Background - Can print, can't quote
- On Background - Can print, can't quote, "Gov sources say"
- On the Record - Can print and quote
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Dual Vs Cooperative Fed
- Dual - Separate Works
- Cooperative - State, Local, National Govs share domestic policy
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Federal Incentive for State Action
- Categorical Grant - Fed gives money to State for particular purpose
- Block Grant - Fed gives State money for whatever
- Fed Mandate - Fed tells State to do something, no funding
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State Political Cultures
- Moralistic - Expect Gov action needed to to improve lives
- Individualistic - Distrust in Gov, marketplace for distributing resources
- Traditionalistic - expect Gov to maintain power structure, change unwanted
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Progressive Reforms on Democracy
- People worried about political corruption
- Initiative - citizens place amendment on ballot, bypass legislatiure
- Referendum - bills passed by state go on ballot for voter approval
- Recall - citizens remove politician from office before term ends
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Georiga Senate
- 56 Senators
- 2 year terms
- 25 years old minimum
- 2 year state citizen
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Georiga House of Reps
- No less than 180 reps
- 2 year terms
- 21 years old minimum
- 2 year state citizen
- Sessions =< 40 days
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Georgia Governor
- 4 year term
- 2 terms
- 30 years old minimum
- 15 year country citizen
- 6 year state citizen
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Georgia Lt. Governor
- Same reqs at Governor
- Duties assigned by Gov
- Head of Senate
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Georiga Supreme Court
- 9 Justices Max - 7 right now
- Elected by state judiciary
- 6 year term
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Public Policy
- Policy created by Gov to solve problems hared by everyone collectively that can't solve on its own
- Major Purpose - Equity
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Equity
- Procedural Equity - gove provides equal opportunity
- Substative Equity - equal outcome / some outcomes prohibited because unreasonable deprivations on some citizens
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Areas of Public Policy
- Domestic and Foreign
- Interwined
- One affects the other
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Domestic Policy Categories
- Redistributive - move wealth from have to have-not
- Distributive - Gov encourages citizens to perform or not perform certain functions
- Regulatory - defines how citizens define themselves / criminal and civil law
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Employee Liability Act 1908
Contractors not paid until job completed
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Fair Labor Standards Act 1938
Establish work hours, minimum wage, and eliminated child labor
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Equal Rights Amendment
- Not ratified
- 35 of 38 agreed
- Attempt to establish equal rights of working women
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Types of Taxation
- Progressive Tax - Higher pay = more tax
- Regressive Tax - Lower pay = more tax
- Proportional Tax - same tax rate for all
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Economic Policy
- Improvements by stabilizing economy
- Gov affects - supply & demand / ensure certain services provided / ensure health & safety of work force
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Gov Tools Affecting Economy
- Macroeconomic Policy
- Subsidies
- Public Ownership
- Regulation
- Deregulation
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Macroeconomic Policies
- Fiscal - Gov manipulates spending & taxation
- Monetary - Fed Reserve manipulates money supply / amount credit
- Quantitative Easing - Fed buys assests, bank gets more money, increase liquidity, more money to lend to individuals
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Subsidies
- Gov provides support for business or individuals to affect amount of goods produced
- Tax incentive for foreign investors
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Regulation
- Gov regulates private business
- Munn vs Illinois 1877
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Deregulation
Gove can ease burden of businesses
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Supply Side Economics
- Raegan Economics in 1980s
- Economic theory that sets out to increase growth by sending out incentive to increase production of goods - change tax rates
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Foriegn Policy
Provide well being/security of citizens with foreign governments
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Strategies of Forgin Policy
- Influence
- Persuasion
- Deterrence
- Coercion
- Compellence
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Influence
Affecting another governement without acting
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Persuasion
Encourage to do or not do a certain action by leverage - like logic
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Deterrence
Discourage a course of action otherwise bring undesirable outcome
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Coercion
Affect decision to do or not do something with threat of force
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Compellence
Acheive an outcome through use of force
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Executive Branch and Foreign Policy
- Exec branch creates and modifes foreign policy
- President and National Security Council
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National Security Council
- Statutory Members - President, VP, Secretary of State, Secretary of Defense
- State Department, Department of Defense
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Government Tools of Forign Policy
- Diplomacy - discussions and negotiations
- Economic - aid to foreign nations / sanctions
- Military Force
- Psychological Tools - what is good and right
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Origins of American Foreign Policy
- Enlightenment Period
- Faith in individual
- Governed by consent
- Free idealogy
- Market policy
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National Security Strategy 2006
- 2 Pillars
- -Promote freedom & justice, end tyranny, promote democracy
- -America lead community of democracies - if US does something, others should follow
9 Areas of Focus
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9 Areas of Focus from National Security Strategy 2006
- 1. Promote democracy, uphold human rights
- 2. Strengthen alliances, defeat global terrorism
- 3. Work with nations to diffuse conflicts
- 4. Prevent enemies from threatening US with WMDs
- 5. Create global free trade
- 6. Help develop less developed nations
- 7. Create cooperative agenda with other nations
- 8. Adjust the national security plan for challenges of 21st century
- 9. Address challenges of globalization - trade of drugs & humans, stop destruction of environment
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