The flashcards below were created by user
wssokol
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
-
The 3 functional areas of the cerebral cortex?
- Motor areas- control voluntary movement
- Sensory areas- conscious awareness of sensation
- Association areas- integrate the entire cortex
-
Primary motor cortex
allows conscious control of precise, skilled, voluntary movements
-
Premotor cortex
controls learned, repititious, or patterned motor skills
-
Broca's area
directs muscles of the tongue
-
Frontal eye field
controls voluntary eye movements
-
Olfactory cortex
smelling
-
-
Visceral sensory area
stomach area
-
Vestibular cortex
balance
-
Left hemisphere of the brain controls what?
language, math, and logic
-
Right hemisphere of the brain controls what?
insight, visual-spatial skills, intuition, and artistic skills
-
Functions of the basal nuclei
- influence muscular control
- help regulate attention
- regulate intensity of slow movements
- inhibit unnecessary movements
-
Thalamic Function
mediates sensation, motor activities, cortical arousal, learning, and memory
-
Hypothalamic Function
regulate body temp, food intake, water balance, thirst, and sleep
-
What does the medulla oblongata regulate?
vomiting, hiccuping, swallowing, coughing, sneezing
-
Limbic system
- emotional or affective brain
- puts emotional responses to odors
-
Amygdala
- recognizes angry expressions
- assesses danger
- fear response
-
RAS (reticular activating system)
- sends impulses to cerebral cortex to keep it concious and alert
- severe injury = coma
-
Alpha waves
- 8-13 Hz
- regular and rhythmic, low-amplitude
-
Beta waves
- 14-30 Hz
- rhythmic, less regular waves occurring when mentally alert
-
Theta waves
- 4-7 Hz
- more irregular
- common in children, uncommon in adults
-
Delta waves
- 4 Hz or less
- high-amplitude waves seen in deep sleep
-
Two types of sleep?
- nonrapid eye movement (NREM)
- rapid eye movement (REM)
-
Stages of sleep?
- first two of NREM during first 30-45 min
- fourth stage achieved in 90 min
- REM sleep begins abruptly
-
Sleep disorders?
- narcolepsy- fall asleep randomly
- insomnia- inability to obtain amount or quality sleep needed
- sleep apnea- stop breathing during sleep
-
Categories of memory
- Declarative memory (factual knowledge)
- Nondeclarative memory (remembered by doing, hard to unlearn)
-
Protection of the brain
- bone (skull)
- membranes (meninges)
- watery cushions (cerebrospinal fluid)
- blood-brain barrier
-
3 layers of meninges?
- dura mater- strongest meninx
- arachnoid mater- middle layer with weblike extensions
- pia mater- clings tightly to the brain
-
Degenerative brain disorders
- Alzheimers- progressive disease of the brain, results in dementia
- Parkinsons- degeneration of dopamine-releasing neurons
- Huntingtons- degeneration of the basal nuclei and cerebral cortex
-
|
|