evolution speciation

change in a population's inherited characteristics or traits from generation to generation

allele frequencies change

evolutionary process by which two or more separate species arise

entire species changes to a degree that it can no longer be considered the same species.

Hardy Equilibrium a disturbing influence has occured like:

• mutations occur
• genetic drift
• migration / gene flow
• non-random mating
• natural selection

individual has 2x (at least) the number of chromosomes from one parent

• genetic code of humans and chimpanzees are 99% similar
• cannot interbred

• each individuals’ traits vary
• some traits are inheritable
• not all offspring will survive (limited resources)
• individuals with the most advantages traits will survive

the formation of two or more contemporaneous species from a common ancestor

new species form after populations are geographically isolated

new species form within a geographically continuous area

• the development of many species from 1 ancestral population
• new species evolve to occupy different niches

• individuals from 1 ancestral population diverge into new species
• different physiological traits & morphologies

• un-related species develop similar physiological traits & morphologies
• geographically isolated species
• environments are similar