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John Singer Sargent (1856-1925)
- American Painter
- Portraiture in style noted for its bold brush work.
- He was much in demand in Parisian circles, but following a scandal over the supposed eroticism of Madame Gautreau (1884) he moved to London. In World War I, he worked as an official war artist.
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- Photo: Portrait of Madame-X
- Artist: John Singer Sargent
- 1814
women in artistic or exotic occupations, such as musicians orfortune-tellers
A young socialite named Virginie Amélie Avegno Gautreau, wife of Pierre Gautreau.
Model, known for her beauty and rumored infidelities
She wore lavender powder and prided herself on her appearance.
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Joseph Paxton N. (1803-1865)
English gardener and architect.
He designed the Crystal Palace in London in 1851.
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- Place: Crystal Palace
- Joseph Paxton
- 1851
The Great Conservatoy
test bed for prefabricated glass and iron structural techniques
a large building of prefabricated iron and glass resembling a giant greenhouse
Hyde Park,London
and reerected at Sydenham near Croydon; it was accidentally burneddown in 1936.
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Richard Morris Hunt (1827-1895)
American architect of the nineteenth century and a preeminent figure in the history of American architecture.
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- Place: The Breakers
- Designer: Richard Morris Hunt
- 1863
Newport, Rhode Island
Italian Renaissance style palazzi. Resembles a 16th-century (Renaissance-style) Italian seaside palace.
Corinthian columns, the solid-stone Breakers Mansion
Breakers Mansion also incorporates Beaux Arts and Victorian elements, including gilt cornices, rare marble, "wedding cake" painted ceilings, and prominent chimneys.
For entertaining , 45-foot high central Great Hall, arcades, many levels, and a covered, central courtyard.
The rooms, decorated in French and Italian styles, were designed and assembled in Europe, shipped to the US, and reassembled in the house.
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William Turner (1789-1862)
English Painter
Also Known at J.M.W Turner
Specialised in watercolour landscapes
contemprorary
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The Burning of the Houses of Parliment
- Name: Burning of the Houses of Parliment
- Artist: J.M.W Turner
- 1834
- Oil
Landscape of the burning of parliment
Painted by J.M.W Turner He is commonly known as "the painter of light".
Although renowned for his oils, Turner is also regarded as one of the founders of English watercolour landscape painting.
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Edouard Manet 1832-1883
French painter.
first19th-century artists to approachmodern-life subjects, he was apivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism.
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- Name: Olympia 1863
- Artist: E. Manet
- Oil on canvas
Inspired by the The Venus of Urbino, by Titan.
Manet painted this picture with strong brush strokes many people considered this a childish and unskilled fashion of painting
Olympia is the painting of a reclining nude woman , tended to by a maid while a black cat (far right) gazes mysteriously out at the viewer.The maid is presenting Olympia with a gift of flowers, presumably a gift from a lover. This type of scene was not generally portrayed.
French practice that women were to be modeled on historical, mythical or biblical themes.Manet painted a woman of his time but not the ideal woman, a real woman, a courtesan.
contrast between the dark of the background and the light of Olympia lying on her bed draws much attention to the subject of the painting.
Although middle and bourgeoisie gentlemen did frequent courtesans they did not want to be confronted with one in an art gallery.Olympia is a real woman, flaws and all who stares out from the canvas at us, confronting us with an unwavering glance. This in itself was a cause for outrage because this woman dares to stare out, meeting the eye. It was scandalous for a woman in general, let alone a courtesan, to be so brazen as to stare directly at anyone.Olympia's only adornment consists of shoes, a bracelet, a flower in her hair and a string around her neck.She looks almost bored at the prospect of another gift, suggesting that this is not a first time occurrence or something to be overly excited about.
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- Name: Burial at Ornans
- Artist: Courbet
- 1863
funeral scene of an ordinary citizen of the village. The open grave at the center front of the painting is surrounded by a great S-curve of pallbearers, priest and altar boys, gravedigger, family and friends in mourning. The composition is, in many ways, classical, yet the subject matter-- the burial of an unknown villager--is starkly different from the grandiloquent depictions of famous historical events or wealthy, powerful people so common in contemporary 19th century painting. This deliberate and radical choice of subject is also reflected in the title of the painting, which only locates the burial by town and not person.The grouping of mourners and attendants follows the horizon or distant cliffs--no one's head extends into the sky. Only the crucifix, held by a religious attendant, is outlined by the muted tones of the sky. The earthbound nature of life is thus emphasized, as the figures are framed by dirt and rock.Courbet instills the human touch into his painting. An altar boy gazes with a look of innocence up at a pall bearer. A young girl peers around the skirts of her elders. Several grief-stricken women clutch handkerchiefs to their faces.
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Gustave Courbet
(1819–77), French painter.
A leader of the 19th-century realist school of painting, his works include Burial at Ornans (1850) and Painter in His Studio (1855).
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Felix Nadar 1820-1910
French photographer,caricaturist, journalist, novelist and balloonist.
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Photograph by Felix Nadar in 1865
Sandra Berhardt
- upcoming entertainer
- portrait
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