Med Term Ch. 15

Adjustment of the eye for various distances so that images fall on the retina of the eye

Clearness or sharpness of a sensory function

tissues or structures in the body adjacent to or near a related structure

being loosely joined or connected together to allow motion between the parts

any fluid or semifluid of the body

series of intricated communicating passages

substance that does not allow the passage of light; not transparent

fluid that very closely resembles spinal fluid but found in the cochlea

light-sensitive pigment in the retinal cones and rods that absorbs light and initiates the visual process; also called visual pigment

ability to bend light rays as they pass from one medium to another

layer or coat of tissue; also called membrane layer

dull, dim

water

eyelid

choroid

conjunctiva

pupil

cornea

ciliary body of eye; circular; cycle

tear; lacrimal apparatus (duct, sac, or gland)

lacrimal sac

gray

angle

iris

horny tissue; hard; cornea

eye

eye, vision

lens

light

old age

retina

hardening; sclera (white of eye)

darkness

vitreous body (of eye)

hearing

labyrinth (inner ear)

mastoid process

ear

tubes (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)

stapes

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

hearing

vision

turning

severe congenital deficiency in color perception; also called complete color blindness

small, hard tumor developing on the eyelid, somewhat similar to a sebaceous cyst

inflammation of the conjuctiva with vascular congestion, producing a red or pink eye; may be secondary to viral, bacterial, or fungal infections or allergy

medial movement of the two eyeballs so that they are both directed at the object being viewed

measurement of refractive error

eversion, or outward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid

state of normal vision

inversion or inward turning of the edge of the lower eyelid

abnormal overflow of tears

protrusion of one or both eyeballs

localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of one of the several sebaceous glands of the eyelid, generally caused by a bacterial infection; also called stye

visual distortion of objects

impaired vision in dim light, also called night blindness

involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision or be associated with other, more serious conditions that limit vision

edema and hyperemia of the optic disc usually associated with increased intracranial pressure; also called choked disc

unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light

loss of accommodation of the crystalline lens associated with the aging process

• any disorder of retinal blood vessels
• -disorder that occurs in patients with diabetes and is manifested by small hemorrhages, edema, and formation of new vessels on the retina, leading to scarring and eventual loss of vision

chronic, contagious form of conjunctivitis common in the southwestern U.S. that typically leads to blindness

area within which objects may be seen when the eye is in a fixed position

complete deafness; also called anacusia

blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear (conduction pathway)

inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from acute febrile process

disorder of the labyrinth that leads to progressive loss of hearing

condition casued by the destruction of hair cells, the organs responsible for hearing, caused by sounds that are "too long, too loud, or too close"

infection of the external auditory canal

impairment of hearing resulting from old age; also called presbyacusia

tubes that are inserted through the tympanic membrane, commonly to treat chronic otitis media; also called tympanostomy tubes or ventilation tubes

perception of ringing, hissing, or other sounds in the ears or head when no external sound is present

hallucination of movement, or a feeling of spinning or dizziness

measurement of hearing acuity at various sound wave frequencies

test that uses different water temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve of the inner ear (acoustic nerve) to determine if nerve damage is the cause of vertigo

method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring the electrical activity of the extraocular muscles

measurment of the blood pressure of the retinal vessels

evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force

part of an eye examination that determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart at a distance of 20 feet

examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye to determine ocular motility and rotation and diagnose and manage glaucoma

visual examination of the interior of the eye using a hand-held instrument called an ophthalmoscope, which has various adjustable lenses for magnification and a light source to illuminate the interior of the eye

• visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using an otoscope
• -procedure that assesses the ability of the tympanic membrane to move in response to a change in air pressure

evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting a light into the eyes and determining the movement of reflected light rays

radiographic imaging procedures of the nasolacrimal (tear) glands and ducts

assess blood vessels and their leakage in and beneath the retina after injection of fluorescein dye. The dye circulates while photographs of the vessels within the eye are obtained.

exercises intended to improve eye movements or visual tracking that use training glasses, prism glasses, or tinted or colored lenses

cosmetic surgery that removes fatty tissue above and below the eyes that commonly form as a result of the aging process or excessive exposure to the sun

artificial hearing device that produces useful hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear; also called bionic ear

formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the suprachoroidal space for the draining of aqueous humor in glaucoma

removal of the eyeball from the orbit

removal of the contents of the eye while leaving the sclera and cornea intact

surgical opening of a cavity whithin the mastoid process

corrective surgery for a deformed or excessivly large or small pinna

method of treating cataracts by using ultrasonic waves to disintegrate a cloudy lens, which is then aspirated and removed

incision of the cornea for treatment of nearsightedness or astigmatism

surgical formation of an opening in the sclera

• method use to evaluate sound conduction using a vibrating turning fork
• -Tuning fork test that evaluates bone condition (BC) versus air conduction (AC) of sound
• -tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time

reconstruction of the eardrum, commonly due to perforation; also called myringoplasty

inhibit growth of microorganisms that infect the eye

decrease aqeous humor production by constricting the pupil to open the angle between the iris and cornea

drugs that disrupt parasympathetic nerve supply to the eye or stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, causing the pupil to dilate

constrict the small arterioles of the eye, decreasing redness and relieving conjunctival congestion

soothe dry eyes due to environmental irritants and allergens

treat and prevent nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo by reducing the sensitivity of the inner ear to motion or inhibiting stimuli from reaching the part of the brain that triggers nausea and vomiting

provide temporary relief from pain and inflammation associated with otic disorders

loosed and help remove impacted cerumen (ear wax)