IS310 Exam4 Vocab Chap 14

a server that handles service requests from external users of applications; improve security by shielding internal servers and resources from direct access by outside users

the process of creating and managing records of user activity or resource access

the process of determing or verifying the identity of a user or process owner

the process of determining whether an authenticated user or process has enough rights to access a resource

the method of verifying identit based on physical characteristics; such as fingerprints and facial features

a temporary reduction in voltage level by a power provide, usuall because of demand for electricity exceeding the provider's generation and transmission capabilities during peak demand periods

funds an organization uses on capital resources

assets or resources expected to provide benefits beyond the current fiscal year

the way in which an organization uses resources to offer better or cheaper services so that it has a major edge over its competitors

a hardware device or software (or a combination) that prevents unauthorized users in one network from accessing resources on another network

a device attached directly to the communication link betweek two hardware devices, often used to monitor the use of communication channels, disk drives, and network traffic; monitors communication activity between the two devices and stores communciation statistics that cna be retrieved and printed in a report

conducting excessive heat away from a device, thus reducing its temperature

capital resources that provide benefits to a wide range of organizational units and functions; typically, they serve a large, divers group of users; have high maintenance costs; involve costs difficult to allocate to users separately; and require recurring capital expenditures

hardware or software that tracks and reports processing or I/O activity

funds expended during the fiscal year to support normal business activities

the simplest type of firewall; examines each packet and matches header content to a list of allowed or denied packet types

momentary reductions in the voltage or amperage of electrical power

momentary increases (spikes) in the voltage or amperage of electrical power

a software utility that describes the resource or service utilization of an application program during execution

a formal document stating hardware or software requirements and soliciting proposals from vendors to meet these requirements

standards for providing infrastructure-based services to a wide variety of users

a program typically embedded in OS service routines that detects and reports processing activity or requests; can also generate statistics of services utilization or processing activity that can be displayed in real time or stored in a file for later analysis

a firewall that tracks the process of complex client/server interactions

a set of long-range goals for services to be provided and the resources needed to provide these services

a hardware device that detects incoming power surges and diverts them to ground

a wide range of managerial activities for ensuring efficient and reliable delivery of information services

a device that provides power to attached devices in the event of external power failure; UPSs vary in their power delivery capacity, switching time, and battery life

a program or program fragment that infects a computer by installing itself permanently, performs malicious acts on the infected computer, and replicates and spreads itself by using services on the infected computer