Finale

skeletal,smooth and muscle

• voluntary control of contraction & relaxation.
• and is striated with kught and dark bands visible with microscope

attaches to bone skin and fascia

is striated and reflexes involuntary due to its autorythmic pacemaker

alternating light and dark bands protien bands.

its activity can be consciously cotrolled by neurons that are part of the somatic part of the nervous system.

not consiously controlled

built in rhythm like the so called pacemaker for the heart

lines hollow organs and vessels and are attached to hair follicules and is a non striated involuntary muscle tissue.

• excitabiltiy
• irritablity
• conductivity
• contractility
• extensibility
• elasticity

receives and respomds to a stimulus by an electrical signal that comes from a neuron or a pace maker

responds to neurotransmitter (chemicals) released by neurons, hormones or changes in ph

ability to propagate (reproduce or make) electrical signals over membrane

Ability to generate forces (flex) while being shortened or not.

ability to be streched without damaging tissue

ability to return to original shape after being stretched

loose connective tissue and fat underlying the skin

dense irregular connective tissue around muscle

superficial fascia and deep fascia

• epimysium
• perimysium
• endomysium

the outermost layer of deep fascia or dense irregular connective tissue encircling the entire muscle.

second layer down of a deep fascicle (dense irregular connective tissue) but surrounds groups of 10 to 100 or more muscle fibers seperating into fascicles.

muscle fiber bundles in groups of 10 to 100 cause by perimysium

seperates individual muscle fibers or cells it is mostly retivular fibers.

all the deep fascia extending beyond the muscle belly to attach to bone.

each motor neuron supplying multiple muscle cells or fibers

nerve supply in muscle

derived from 100 or more myoblasts thats why a mature muscle cells has 100+ nuclei

plasma membrane of a muscle cell

its within the sarcolemma it is filled with myofibrils glycogen and myglobin

used for synthesis for atp

• protien only found in muscles
• binds oxygen molecules that difuse into muscle fibers from interstitual fluid

• inside sarcoplasm they are the contractile elements of skeletal muscle cells
• each myfibril consist of a chain of eevn samller contractile units called sarcomeres
• within each myobiril their are smaller elements called myofilaments thick and thin.

their are thick and thin fillaments that are the contractile protiens of muscle.

invaginations of the srcolemma in the center of the cell. they are filled with interstinial fluid and carries muscle action protiens or nerve impulses throughout the cell

runs all around myofibrils stores Ca+2 and a release of it promotes muscle contraction.

the darker middle part of the sarcomemere due to thick filaments

is a lighter less dense area that contains the rest of the thin fillaments no thick filaments

verticle zig zag lines that seperate each sarcomere

center of each A band length wise its filaments in this region is thick

verically center throughoutht the whole sarcomere

contractile portiens, regulatory protiens,and structural protiens

consist of myosin and actin

• thick filaments are composed of myosin
• each molecules looks like two gulf clube twisted together
• theirs a myosine head that looks like the end of a gulf club and a myosin tail

cross bridges

synapse between a somatic neuronn and a skeletal muscle fiber

chemical realeased by the nmj

• Inherited muscle destroying diseas the sarcolemma tears during contraction
• occurs mostly in males
• gene therapy is the cure

• spasm
• cramp
• tic
• tremor
• fasciculation

involuntary contraction of a single muscle

a painful spasm

involuntary twitching of muscles

rhymic involuntary contractionof opposing muscle groups

involuntary brief twitch of a motor unit visible under the skin

study of the nervous

• sensory function
• integritive function
• motor function
• organiztation of the nervous system

centeral nervous system and peripheral nervous system

cinsust of the brain and spinal cord

anythining other than the brain and the spinal cord like cranial nerves ganglia enteric plexus and sensory receptors

projection and intrinsic neurons

has long projections that connect to other regions of the nervous system

no process or short proocess but they are containe in intirely in one region

conduct impulses towad cell body it contains neurofibils and nissl bodies

transprot sensory information fom skin muscles joints orgna ND VISCER to cns

send motor nerve impulses to muscles and glands

connect sensory to motor neurons this consist of 90% of neurons in the body.

one main dendrite and one axon

one process only

several dendrites and one axon

multipolar, bipolar and unipolar neurons

• sensory (afferent) neurons
• motor (efferent) neurons
• interneurons (association) neurons

transprot sensory information fromskinmuscles joints sense organs and viscera from cns

send motor nerve impulses to muscles and glands

• connect sensory to motor neurons
• 90% of neuron in the body

froma axon to dendrite

from axon to cell body

from axon to axon

cervicalenlarment and lumbar enlargement