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arteriole
smallest artery
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Bowman capsule
enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus
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calyx
cup-like structure, first in filtration
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glomerulus
tiny ball of capillaries
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hilum
depression in an organ
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renal artery
carries blood to the kidneys
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renal pelvis
collecting area
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ureter
1 of 2 tubes that carries urine from kidneys to bladder
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bladder
temporary storage of urine
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urethra
between the bladder and meatus
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nephron
renal tubule and glomerulus
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renal tubule
microscopic tubes in kidney where urine is formed after filtration
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the primary function of the urinary system is to
remove nitrogenous waste from the bloodstream
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An electrolyte is a chemical that
carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water
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renin
the hormone secreted by the kidneys to aid in regulating blood pressure
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urea
main nitrogenous waste found in urine, a by-product of the breakdown of proteins
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erythropoietin
hormone made by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production
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micturition
act of voiding
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filtration
initial process of urine production is by passing blood through the glomerulus
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reabsorption
active process of returning essential electrolytes and fluid back into the bloodstream via the tubules
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secretion
final process of urine formation where the remaining waste products are passed from the renal tubule
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urinary catheterization
passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the bladder
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cystitis
inflammation of the urinary bladder
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cystoscopy
visual examination of the bladder
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nephroptosis
drooping of the kidney
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nephrolithotomy
removal of kidney stones
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renal ischemia
deficiency of blood flow to the kidney
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renal colic
spasms of the kidney
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hydronephriosis
a condition in which there is excess fluid upon the kidneys
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urethroplasty
to surgically repair a urethra
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vesicoureteral reflux
a back flow of urine into the bladder and ureters
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polycystic kidneys
many fluid-filled sacs on or within the kidney
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enuresis
involuntary urination at night
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urethral stricture
narrowing or blockage of a urethra
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hematuria
blood in the urine
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dysuria
painful urination
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glycosuria
sugar in the urine
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KUB
procedure of kidneys, ureters, bladder
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UTI
urinary tract infection
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diabetes inspidus
polydyspia and polyuria are the two major symptoms
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bacteruria
lab test where bacteria from urine are grown and then tested with antibiotics
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