-
What is the primary function of red blood cells?
transportation of gases
-
White blood cells are primarly involved in:
detecting and combating pathogens
-
Little cell fragments that secrete clotting factors are called:
platelets
-
A membrane consists of what two components?
epithelium supported by a connective tissue
-
List three places we might find mucous membrane in the human body.
- lining the digestive tract
- lining most of our airways
- any cavity of the body exposed to the environment
-
Where in the human body do we encounter serous membrane?
any cavity of the body NOT exposed to the environment
-
What do we commonly call our cutaneous membrane?
the skin
-
Where in the human body will you find synovial membrane?
lining the joint capsules
-
List the three functions of the integumentary system that synthesize materials.
- production of vitamin D
- production of melanin
- keratin synthesis
-
List the five functions of the integumentary system involving regulation and protection.
- thermoregulation
- protection against the environment
- excretion and absorption
- blood resevoir
- detection of cutaneous sensation
-
The bottom 2/3 of a hair are known as the:
hair root
-
The upper 1/3 of a hair is called the:
hair shaft
-
The parts of a hair below the skin are known as the:
hair follicle
-
List the three outer three layers of the hair from outside to inside.
- connective tissue sheath
- outer root sheath
- inner root sheath
-
List the three layers of a hair proper from outside to inside.
-
List the three phases of hair growth.
- anagen - growth phase
- catagen - regression phase
- telogen - resting phase
-
Where are apocrine secretions released to?
onto a hair follicle
-
Where are eccrine gland secretions released to?
onto the eptithelial cell surface
-
List, in order, the layers of the epidermis.
- stratum basale
- stratum spinosum
- stratum granulosum
- stratum lucidum
- stratum corneum
-
It takes approximately ____ to _____ days for a cell to move from the stratum basale to the bottom of the stratum corneum. Once it reaches this point it will be another _______ days until it gets sloughed off.
15-30, fourteen
-
How often does cell division occur in the epidermis?
every 19 days
-
In which layer do the epidermal cells undergo apoptosis?
stratum granulosum
-
List the five organelles found in epidermal cells.
- nucleus
- mitochondria
- ribosomes
- rough ER
- golgi apparatus
-
What is the last layer in which all of the cells are still living?
stratum spinosum
-
Which layer of the epidermis performs most, or all, of the cell division?
stratum basale
-
What is hemoglobin and what role does it play in skin color?
a pigment that contains iron and binds to oxygen giving skin a pink undertone
-
Describe the two stages of skin tone changes in response to UV radiation.
- 1st stage - develops quickly (1-2 hours), fades quickly (24 hours)
- 2nd stage - develops slowly (3 days), fades slowly (as skin cells slough off), actually synthesizes new melanin
-
List the six irregularites in skin color discussed in class.
- erythema - red tint
- jaundice - yellow tint
- cyanosis - blue tint
- pallor - pale tint
- albinisim - no melanin
- vitiligo - melanocytes stop working (MJ)
-
Define hydration and dehydration as they relate to the integumentary system.
- Hydration - take in water across the skin
- Dehydration - water leaves body across the skin
-
Transdermal drugs are used for drugs that are:
metabolized too quickly with conventional delivery
|
|
