-
What category of HTN medication is: Hydrochlorthiazide?
Thiazide-type diuretic
-
What category of HTN medication are: Bumetamine and Furosemide?
Loop Diuretics
-
What category of HTN medication are: Spironolactone and Triamterene?
K+-Sparing Diuretics
-
What category of HTN medication are: Benazepril, Enalapril, Lisinopril, and Ramipril
ACE inhibitors
-
What category of HTN medication are: Losartan and Valsartan
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
-
What category of HTN medication is: Amlodipine, Diltiazem, Nifedipine, and Verapamil
Ca+2 Channel Blockers
-
What category of HTN medication is: Atenolol, Bisoprolol, Carvedilol, Metoprolol, Nadolol, and Propanolol
Beta Blockers
-
Which Beta Blockers are selective BBs? (+)
*Primarily blocks beta-1 in the heart*
Atenolol, Bisoprolol, and Metoprolol
-
Which Beta Blockers are Non-Selective BBs? (++)
*Blocks both beta-1 in the heart and beta-2 in the periphery*
Nadolol and Propanolol
-
Which Beta Blockers are Non-Selective beta and alpha-1 blockers? (+++)
Carvedilol
-
What category of HTN medication is: Doxazosin and Terazosin?
Alpha Blockers
-
What are the common dentally significant adverse effects of Thiazides?
*hydrochlorothiazide*
- low K+
- slight xerostomia
- oral ulcerations
-
What are the common dentally significant adverse effects of Loop diuretics?
*bumetamine, furosemide*
- dehydration
- low K+
- oral lesions
- most sig xerostomia
-
What are the common dentally significant adverse effects of ACEIs?
*benazepril, enalapril, lisinopril, ramipril*
- HA
- dizziness
- hypotension
- loss of taste
- oral ulcers
- cough (ACE breaks down bradykinin in lung)
- Orofacial
- angioedema
- “scalded mouth syndrome”
-
What are the common dentally significant adverse effects of CCBs?
*amlodipine, diltiazem, nifedipine, verapamil*
- HA
- dizziness
- orthostatic hypotension
- gingival overgrowth
-
What are the common dentally significant adverse effects of BBs?
*atenolol, bisoprolol, carvedilol, metoprolol, nadolol, Propranolol*
- bradycardia
- sudden withdrawal can lead to rebound hypertension
-
What are the common dentally significant adverse effects of ABs?
*doxazosin, terazosin*
-
What is the major tx impact of Thiazides?
*hydrochlorothiazide*
NSAIDs potentially decrease diuretic effectiveness
-
What is the major tx impact of Loop Diuretics?
*bumetamine, furosemide*
NSAIDs potentially decrease diuretic effectiveness
-
What are the major tx impact of ACEIs?
*benazepril, enalapril, lisinopril, ramipril*
- NSAIDs potentially decrease effectiveness
- caution with position change
- watch for hyperkalemia
-
What are the major tx impact of ARBs?
*losartan, valsartan*
- NSAIDs
- potentially decrease effect
- watch position change
-
What are the major tx impact of CCBs?
*amlodipine, diltiazem, nifedipine, verapamil*
- gingival overgrowth
- position change
- drug intx including the potentially fatal intx with diltiazem/verapamil and macrolides
-
What are the major tx impact of BBs?
*atenolol, bisoprolol, carvedilol, metoprolol, nadolol, Propranolol*
- Limit epi to 0.04mg with ++ agents but can use up to 0.2mg with + agents.
- +++ agents used for HF so disease limits epi to 0.04mg
- NSAIDs may reduce effectiveness
- may cause xerostomia
-
What are the major tx impact of ABs?
*doxazosin, terazosin*
- NSAIDs reduce effectiveness
- caution with position change
-
What are some dental mgmt considerations for pts with HTN?
- Morning appts
- Avoid lengthy appts
- Use anxiolytics when indicated (BZDP, N2O)
- Avoid intravascular injections
- Avoid retraction cord w/epi
-
Tx Recommendations for pts with HTN
- DBP: 105/119 = limited elective care or emergency and refer to physician w/in 2wks, 120+ = emergency only w/immediate referral to physician
- SBP: 200+ = limited elective care or emergency care
|
|
