The Constitution is called a living document because______________________.
for over 200 years the Constitution has guided the American people.
Seven Principles of Government.
Together these seven principles form the ____________ of the United States Constitution.
Foundation
What is the definition of Popular Sovereignty?
Definition: A government in which the people rule.
Define Republicanism.
Definition: The people excercise their power by voting for their political representatives.
What is an example of Republicanism?
People choose their representatives at the voting booth.
Define Federalism?
Definition: A system of government in which the states and national government share powers.
Define Seperation of Power.
Definition: This means the division of basic government roles into branches. 3 seperate branches with their own powers.
Article 1
Legislative Branch, what do they do?
Congress makes laws.
Article 2
Executive Branch, what do they do?
President enforces the laws.
Article 3
Judicial Branch, what do they do?
Supreme Court interprets the law.
Define Checks and Balances.
Definition: Each Branch of government can excercise checks, or controls, over the other branches.
Give an exmaple of Checks and Balances.
Only Congress can pass laws. Yet the President can check this power by refusing to sign a law into action, President violates the Consitution.
Example of Checks and Balances.
If the President breaks the law, they can be impeached (removed form office).
Define Limited Government.
Definition: The principle that requires all U.S. citizens, including governmetn leaders, to obey the law.
What is an example of Limited Government?
If the president breaks the law, they can be impeached (removed from office).
Define Individual Rights.
A personal liberty and privilege guaranteed to U.S. citizens by the Bill of Rights.
Give an example of Individual Rights.
Government cannot control what people write or say. Freedom of Speech & Assembly & Press.
How long is the term for Representatives?
2 year term
Who was the primary writer of the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson.
John Locke's idea of social compact (social contract) states that citizens must give up some of their rights for ______________.
the government's protection.
John Locke's idea of "natural rights'' stated that we have rights that cannot be taken away and these rights are life, liberty and ________________.
property.
2 Weakness of the Articles of Confederation:
1. weakness - No chief executive.
Problem that caused this : Lack of leadership and No one single leader.
2. weakness: Laws needed approval by 9 out of the 13 states.
Problem that caused this: It was hard to get 9 out of 13 votes from the states.
In order to unite the states during the American Revolution, the Continental Congress wrote a document called the Constitution of _________________.
Articles of Confederation.
One way that the Constitutional Convention overcome differences and completed its work was by settling major disputes through compromise.
True or False?
False
As the most respected American of his day, Benjamin Franklin was selected to head the Constitutional Convention.
True or False.
True
The "Father of the Constitution" was James Madison.
True or False
True
The constitutional Convention met in the city of Philadelphia.
True or False
True
John Locke's idea of social compact (social contract) states that citizens must give up some of their rights for _________________.
The government's protection.
The Articles of Confederation created a weak national government because Americans were _____________.
Afraid of giving governments too much power.
Which of the following powers did the Articles of Confederation grant to the national government?
the power to make treaties
the power to issue money
the power to make war and peace
What explains why so many Americnas in he 1780s feared a strong national government?
their experience under earlier British rule.
Americnas most challenging economic problem following the American Revolution was ____________.
taxes that were placed on other states.
A political challenge that led to success under the Article of Confederation was ___________.
negotiating the Treaty of Paris at the end of the war.
setting up the Land Ordinance of 1785.
establishing the Northwest Territory.
For the smaller states to ratify the Articles of Confederation, they insisted that ____________.
the national government should take control of the Western lands.
This included present-day Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Wisconsin, and part of Minnesota.
Northwest Territory.
This outlawed slavery on lands north of the Ohio River.
Northwest Ordinance.
This resulted from hight state taxes ($200.00 per year) and the heavy debts of farmers.
Shay's Rebellion
This divided western regions into townships so that land could be so sold and settled.
Land Ordinance of 1785.
This convinced many people that the Artivles of Confederation was too weak and that the national government needed more power.
Shay's Rebellion/
This set up a system under which new states would be created and admitted to the Union.
Northwest Ordinance.
Why did the delegates from large states favor the Virginia Plan?
because the plan gave them greater representatives in the legislature.
Why did the delegates from small states favor the New Jersey Plan at the Constitutional Convention?
Becuase the plan called for each state to have one vote in Congress.
The Great Compromise addressed the issue of_______________________.
how much power the state would have in the national legislature
Which is true of the Three-Fifths Compromise.
It provided for how slaved would be counted in a state's population.
Why were some states reluctant to approve the Constitution.
It did not include a bill of rights that stated citiizen's rights.
The people who opposed the Constitution were known as ___.
Anti-Federalists
A series of essays that were written in support of the proposed new Constitution later became known as the __------------.
Federalists Papers.
I can explain the importance of the Declaration of Independence.
Part 1
1. It states that _____ ______ are created equal
2. We are born with rights that are _______________.(can't be taken away)
3. Those rights are ________, ____________, __________ and Pursuit of Happiness.
4. The pupose of the government is to_______ the rights of the people.
5. It stated that the government takes away the power, it is our right to alter or _________ it.
1. All men
2. unalienable
3. Life, Liberty
4. protect
5. people
6. abolish
I can explain the importance of the Declaration of Independence.
Part II
List the _________ committed by the King of England.
Part III What did the Colonists send to the King and what did the king do.
Part IV
What did the colonists do.
part II- wrongs or greivances
Part III Colonists tried to send the King petitions but he ignored them.
Part IV Colonists declared their independence from England to the world.
The Declaration states:
The ___________ of men and the ______ for the American Revolution.
Author of the Declaration of Independence: _______________.
Why was he chosen?
1. He was an excellent __________.
2. He was from the powerful colony of ______________.
When was the Declaration adopted? July _____, 17____
1. Rights of men and the reasons for the American Revolution.
2. unalienable
3. life, liberty
4. Thosmas Jefferson.
5. writer
6. Virginia
7. July 4, 1776
Whas was the Declaration adopted?
July 4, 1776
I can explain the importance of the English Bill of Rights.
The English Bill of Rights established an importance principle that the government should be based on the laws passed by Parliament, Not by the desires of the ruler.
Rights guaranteed to the English citizens.
King could not cancel laws or impose taxes unless Parliament agreed, Not by the desires of the ruler.
King could not cancel laws or impose taxes unless Parliament agreed.
Free elections and frequent mettings of Parliament were held.
Excessive fines or cruels punishments were forbidsdden.
People had the right to complain to the King in Parliament without being arrested.
I can explain what the Mayflower Compact stated..
The piligrims signed the May Flower Compact as an agreement in which they vowed to obey the laws agreed upon for the good of the colony.
I can explain why the May Flower Compact is a foundation for the US government.
The mayflower Compact helped establish the idea of self-government and majority rule.
I can explain the importance of the Iroquois Confederacy....
Five Northern Iroquois nations stopped warring with each other and formed an alliance. A council of leaders from each nation governed the league. They followed rules called the Great Law of Peace.
This helped with the stability of the league for many.
JOHN Locke's idea of social contract (compact)
A social contract is an agreement between the people and the government. With a social comtract, the people agree to give up the absolute right to fo whatever they want rights to life, liberty, and property.
Examples:
Seatbelts, Speedderiving,litering/.
It was neccessary for __ states to ratify the Constitution.
9
What makes up the "Supreme law of the land"?
C___________________,national l_____, t__________.
Constitution, national laws, treaties
What is necessary for the Constitution to be amended (changed).
2/3 vote by congress
2/3 vote by state legislatures for a national convention.
Who admits new states?
Congress
Impeach: to ___________ a federal official for wrongdoing
remove
Who takes over if the president dies or resigns?
Vice Presidemt
Presiding officer of the Senate: Vice __________
President.
Presiding officer of House of Representatoves:
Speak or the ___________.
house
Preamble: tells the ____________ of the Constitution.
purpose
Example of what principle
Congress makes laws for the nation.
Seperation of Power
State and local governments supervise the public school system.
Example of what principle.
Federalism
Example of what principle
The government cannot arrest a person unless that person has violated the law.
Limited Government.
Example of what principle.
Voters in Virginia elected the first black governor to office in 1989.
Republicanism
Congress approved of President Reagon's appointment of Sandra Day O'Connor to the Supreme Court.
Checks and Balances.
How many cheif justice and justices do Supreme Court have.
1 Cheif justice and 8 justices (judges
What does the Cheif Justice of the Supreme Court do.
judges over impeachment of the president.
What can Supreme Court settle.
settle disputes between the states.
How long do Supreme Court serve for.
for live.
What can Supreme Court declare unconsitutional
laws (review all laws and treaties)
What disputes can Supreme Court do .
Supreme Court can settle disputes involving the United States.
How long does the President serve for.
4year term
What are the requirements to run for President.
Must be at least 35 years old.
14 year resident
and native born
What power does the President have on laws.
Have power to approve or veto laws.
What do the President do to judges.
President nominates judges to the Supreme Court.
Notes: The President nominates judges to the Supreme Court.
Who is in charge of the US military.
The president
House of Representatives is the lower house.
What is require to run for House of Representatives.
Must be 25 years old
and 7 years a citizen
and live in the state they represent
House of Representatives propose laws.
Who decides to impeach the president
House of Representatives
How many memebers do senate and house of representatives have
House of representatives have 435 abd senate have 100
Hoe long does senate serve for
serve for a 6-year term
What are requirements to run for senate
must be 30 years old
9 years of citizen
and live in that state.
Who has the sole power to try all impeachments
senate
Who approves of presendential appointment
senate
Who ratify treaties/
senate
What does Amendment 1 say
Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, pettition(indiviual liberties)
