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What is the order of events for keeping blood sugar (glucose) levels stable?
- 1st The body absorbs food molecules after eating.
- 2nd The levels of glucose in the blood rise
- 3rd The liver removes glucose from the blood.
- 4th As the body uses glucose for energy, the liver releases stored glucose into the blood.
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When a doctor suggests a diet low in saturated fates, which products are preferred
when cooking?
- UNSTURATED FATS (oils with double bonds between their carbons)
- Ex. olive oil
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Simple sugars bond to form starches...which monomers bond to form proteins?
AMINO ACIDS
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Which process (in the kidney) removes both wastes AND useful substances from the
blood?
FILTRATION
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Where in the nephron does filtration occur?
GLOMERULUS
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What is a positive urine test for diabetes?
URINE HAS HIGH LEVELS OF GLUCOSE
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Which part of the nervous system controls heartrate?
AUTONOMIC
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When you text, you are using motor neurons from which part of the nervous system?
SOMATIC (Voluntary) Nervous System
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Which structure carries impulses away from the cell body?
AXON (be able to identify the axon on a diagram of the neuron)
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How does the brain react to the excess dopamine levels caused by drug addiction?
IT REDUCES THE NUMBER OF RECEPTORS FOR DOPAMINE
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Which part of the brain tells you that you are hungry?
HYPOTHALAMUS
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What happens when thin filaments move over thick filaments?
THE MUSCLE CONTRACTS
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-How does exercise effect muscles?
- IT INCREASES MUSCLE TONE
- IT INCREASES THE EFFECIENCY OF THE HEART.
- IT CAUSES MUSCLES TO VISIBLY INCREASE IN SIZE
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Which type of muscle can contract without stimulation from the nervous system?
SMOOTH & CARDIAC MUSCLES
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Why are antibiotics often used to cure acne?
TO KILL BACTERIA TRAPPED IN PORES
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What are hives?
- FLUID FROM BLOOD VESSELS OOZING INTO SURROUNDING TISSUES AND
- CAUSING SWELLING
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Why is cartilage important?
IT ACTS AS A CUSHION BETWEEN BONES
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What is the correct direction of flow on the right side of the heart?
RIGHT ATRIUM -> RIGHT VENTRICLE ->PULMONARY ARTERY
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2-What is the correct direction of flow through the major blood vessels?
ARTERIES ->. CAPILLARIES -> VEINS
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What is the condition when blood flow is blocked in the brain?
A STROKE
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Which arteries supply the heart muscle with oxygen?
CORONARY ARTERIES
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When you take a deep breath which large muscle is contracting?
THE DIAPHRAGM
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How does movement of the rib cage change air pressure in the chest cavity/pleural
space?
- RIB CAGE MOVES UP, PRESSURE IN THE CHEST CAVITY DECREASES, AIR
- RUSHES IN
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Can a B-cell attack more than one type of pathogen?
NO THEY ARE PATHOGEN-SPECIFIC
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What is an example of active immunity?
- A PERSON DEVELOPING ANTIBODIES TO A VACCINE (ex. measles or HPV
- vaccines)
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What causes allergies?
MAST CELLS RELEASE HISTAMINES
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What causes inflammation?
PAIN, SWELLING, FEVER
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What causes autoimmune diseases?
THE BODY CANNOT DISTINGUISH SELF FROM NONSELF (It attacks itself)
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