-
aldesleukin
- Proleukin
- IL-2
- Immunomodulator: lymphocyte mitogenesis, cytotoxicity, LAK, NK cells, IFN-gamma
- Indications: metastatic renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma
- E-coli, 15,300
-
oprelvekin
- Neumega
- IL-11
- Stimulates megakaryocytes and platelet formationIndications: prevention of severe thrombocytopenia, myelosuppressive chemotherapy
- Adverse effects: fluid retention, edema, cardiovascular
E.Coli, 19,000
-
ancestim
- Stemgen
- recombinant methionyl human stem cell factor (r-metHuSCF)
- soluble human stem cell factor (c-kit ligand)
- E. coli, Sub-Q, 18,500
-
interferon alfa-2a, recombinant (rIFN-a2a)
- Withdrawn
- Indications: chronic hepatitis C, hairy cell leukemia, AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
- Adverse effects: autoimmune diseases, flu-like symptoms, neuropsychiatric, ischemic, infections
- E. coli
-
peginterferon alfa-2a
- Pegasys
- Indications: chronic hepatitis B, C
- Longer half-life
-
interferon a2b recombinant (IFN-a2b)
- Intron A
- Indications: hairy cell leukemia, malignant melanoma, follicular lymphoma, condylomata acuminata, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, chronic hepatitis C, B
- E. coli
-
peginterferon alfa-2b
- PegIntron
- Indications: chronic hepatitis C
- Redipen, vials
- Sylatron
- Indications: melanoma
-
interferon alfa-n3
- Alferon N
- human leukocyte derived
- Indications: condylomata acuminata
-
interferon alfacon-1
- Infergen
- recombinant interferon alfa, consensus interferon (CIFN)
- Indications: chronic hepatitis C
- E. coli, 5X activity
-
interferon-b1a (IFN-b1a)
- Rebif, Avonex
- Identical to human IFN-b
- Indications:relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS)
- CHO
-
interferon-b1b (IFN-b1b)
- Betaseron, Extavia
- slight variant to human IFN b
- Indications:relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (MS)
- E. coli
-
interferon-y1b (IFN-y1b)
- Actimmune
- Indications: chronic granulomatous disease, malignant osteopetrosis
-
-
B-cell Antigens
- CD19 - Signal transducing
- CD20
- CD21 - CR-2
- CD32 - Fc receptors
- CD81 - co-receptor
- sIgM
-
NK-cell Antigens
- CD16 - Fc receptor causing ADCC
- CD56
-
-
Cytokines that mediate Natural Immunity
- IL-1: Macrophage secreted
- TNF-a: Macrophage secreted
- Type 1 INFs: INF-a, b
- IL-6: Monokine + TH2
-
Cytokines that regulate Lymphocyte growth, activation, and differentiation
- IL-2: * T-cell, B-cell proliferation
- IL-4: TH2
-
Cytokines that activate Inflammatory Cells
-
Cytokins that affects Leukocyte movement
- IL-8: macrophage, epithelia cells, synthesized by endothelial cells
- Other chemokines
-
Cytokins that stimulate Hemotopoiesis
-
Hypersensitivity Type I (Anaphylactic Type)
- Vasodilation: Histamine, hypotension
- Vascular permeability: edema
- Smooth muscle spasn: bronchoconstriction, GI hyper motility
- Cellular infiltration: chemotaxins
- IgE synthesis: IL-4*, IL-5, IL-6
-
Hypersensitivity Type II (Cytotoxic Type)
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- Autoimmune thrombocytopenic pupura
- Goodpasture syndrome: Nephritis, Lung hemorrhage
- Myasthenia gravis
- Graves disease
- Erythroblastosis
-
Hypersensitivity Type III (Immune complex-mediated)
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
- Acute glomerulonephritis
- Arthus reaction
- Serum sickness
-
Hypersensitivity Type IV (Cell-mediated)
- Delayed-type (TH1), T-cell-mediated (Tc)
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Multiple sclerosis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Peripheral neuropathy; Guillain-barre syndrome
- TB test, Poison Ivy
-
Hyperacute Rejection
Immune complexes: Type III hypersensitivity
-
Acute Rejection
- Humoral: Type III and Type II hypersensitivity
- complement-dependent cytotoxicity
-
Subacute cellular rejection
- Type IV hypersensitivity
- In couple of months
- mononuclear cell infiltration: Tc, NK, TH, macrophage
-
Chronic Rejection
- Type IV hypersensitivity: accumulating fibrosis
- interstitial mononuclear cell infiltration: activated macrophage
- delayed-type: TH1: IL-2, IFN-y
-
Severe Combined ImmunoDeficiency (SCID)
- adenosine deaminase deficiency: both T, B-cell
- Tx: pegademase bovine, bon marrow transplant, gene therapy
-
DiGeorge Syndrome (thymic hypoplasia)
- Failure of development of the Thymus
- Tx: bone marrow transplantation, fetal thymus transplantation
-
Bruton's Congenital Agammaglobulinemia
- X-linked: absence of mature B-cell
- Tx: frequent immuno globulin injection
-
Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Decreased plasma cell number
-
Isolated IgA Deficiency
- Most common: increase pulmonary and GI infection
- Can develope anti-IgA antibodies
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