Acid Base Part 2.txt

Are the primary acid-excreting organs.

These excrete volatile (CO2) to lower H2CO3

Removes H+ rom the body.

Eliminating of substances from the body in the urine.

The process by which blood substances diffuse into renal tubule cells, whuch they actively transport them into the fluid (filtrate) within the tubular cell.

The active or passive transport of filtrate substances back into the tubule cell, and then into the blood of nearby capillaries

Regulates the excretion of H+ ions and the reabsorption of HC)3- ions.

There is high blood CO2, Acidic pH, and high level of H+

The kindneys will try to reabsorb all filtrate HCO3 in the blood when this happens.

Low blood CO2, Alkaline pH, and low level H+.

The kidneys will try to increase the quantity of HCO3- in the urine when this happens.

If no buffers existed in the filtrate to react with H+, the seceting mechanism will?

Any extra H+ remaining after the bicarbinate bufffers are exhausted, will react with two other filtrate bufer:

This buffer show up with excess H+, allows the kidneys to further increase their excretion of H+ ions, combines w/ excess H+ to form H2PO4-, and Na+ and HCO3- are reabsorbed in exchange for H+ ions.

In responce to low filtrate pH, allows for elimination of H+ and C- ions w/o effecting the urine pH.

A chloride is excreted in the urine, a _______is gained.

These secrete ammonia in responce to low-filrate pH.

norm pH range.

normal PaCO2 range

normal HCO3- range

Normal acid base balance.

is when the blood pH is greater than 7.45

is when the blood pH is less than 7.35

is when PaCO2 is less than 35 mmHg

is when PaCO2 is greater than 45 mmHg

changes in pH caused by change in PaCO2.

pH decreased, PaCO2 increased, HCO3 is normal.

pH increased, PaCO2 decreased, HCO3 is normal.

Change in pH due to gain or loss of fixed acids or HCO3

pH decreased, PaCO2 is normal, HCO3 is decreased.

pH is increased, PaCO2 is normal, HCO3 is increased.

This is restoring pH to normal. The body will initiate this respoce to any primary acid-base defects.

the kidneys will restore pH toward normal by reabsorbing HCO3 into the blood when this is happening.

the kidneys will eliminate HCO3 in the urine when this is hapening.

the lungs will compensate by hyperventilating when this occurs.

the lungs will compensate by hypoventilating when this is occuring.

Arterial HCO3 does increase slightly as the PaCO2 rises, because the CO2 hydration reaction generates HCO3. THis happens due to a RBC catalytic enzyme called?

Rule of thumb: if the PCO2 increases acutely, the plasma [HCO3] rises _____ mEq/L for every 10 mmHg increase in PCO2 above _______.

Systematic Acid-Base Classification: Step 1

Systematic Acid-Base Classification: Step 2

Systematic Acid-Base Classification: step 3

Systematic Acid-Base Classification: step 4

increased PaCO2 is synonymous with respiratory acidosis.

Any process on whcih alveolar ventilation fails to eliminate CO2 as rapidly as the body produces it.

Compensation of Resp. acid.?

has a high PaCO2, a High HCO3, and an acid pH not quite in normal range.

characterized by a pH on the acid side of normal range >/= 7.35 by <7.40 ex: pH 7.35 PCO2 55 HCO3 32 BE +4

How can you correct acidosis?

Various repiratory care modalities for improving alveolar vent.

if hypventilation is chronic, rapidly reducing PCO2 to normal is?

a low PaCO2 is sysnonmous with respiratory alkalosis.

any process in which ventilary elimination of CO2 exceeds its production causes.

Clinical signs: paresthesia, severe hyperventilation, hyperactive reflexes, tetanic convulsions, low PaCO2

characterized by a low PaCO2, a low HCO3 and an alkaline pH- not quite in the normal range.

characterized by a low PaCO2, low HCO3, and a pH on the alkaline side of normal (> 7.4 but

Removing the stimulus causing hyperventilation is a correction for what?

the number one cause for Respiatory alkalosis is?

Stopped at slide

Reference pg 294 for all causes and 298.