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Specialized junctions between neurons are called:
synapses.
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Sherrington found that repeated stimuli within a brief time have a cumulative effect. He referred to this phenomenon as:
temporal summation.
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Which of the following is TRUE about EPSPs?
They decay over time and space.
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Depolarization is to ________ as hyperpolarization is to ________.
excitation; inhibition
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Which of the following would produce spatial summation?
Present two or more weak stimuli at the same time.
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Temporal summation is to ________, as spatial summation is to ________.
time; location
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Which of the following neurotransmitters is released by active neurons to dilate the blood vessels and increase blood flow?
nitric oxide
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The catecholamines include:
epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine.
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What makes nitric oxide unique among neurotransmitters?
It is a gas.
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If you eat a food containing tryptophan, what can you consume with it to increase its entry to the brain?
carbohydrates
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High concentrations of all neurotransmitters, except for NO, are stored in the:
presynaptic terminals.
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The release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic terminal is most dependent on the influx of what ion?
calcium
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The neurotransmitter GABA exerts ________ effects, and its effects are almost always ________.
ionotropic; inhibitory
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Second messengers" carry their messages to:
areas within the postsynaptic cell.
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What is the function of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase?
It breaks acetylcholine down into components for recycling.
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A drug that blocks the effects of a neurotransmitter is a(n) ________; a drug that mimics or increases the effects is a(n) ________.
antagonist; agonist
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The key into a lock analogy best describes:
a drug's affinity for a receptor.
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Opiate drugs bind to receptors in the brain for:
endorphins.
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LSD and other hallucinogenic drugs probably exert their effects most directly on what part of the neuron?
the postsynaptic receptors
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A common drug to treat alcoholism that produces illness after consuming alcohol is:
Antabuse.
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