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Main functions of skin are protection, thermoregulation, somatosensory perception, and _.
vitamin D synthesis
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Main functions of skin are protection, thermoregulation, _, and vitamin D synthesis.
somatosensory perception
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Main functions of skin are protection, _, somatosensory perception, and vitamin D synthesis.
thermoregulation
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Main functions of skin are _, thermoregulation, somatosensory perception, and vitamin D synthesis.
protection
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Two major components of skin is the outer layer, the _, and an inner layer, the _.
-
Embryologically, the epidermis derives from _.
ectoderm
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Embryologically, the dermis derives from _.
mesoderm
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Embryologically, the _ derives from ectoderm.
epidermis
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Embryologically, the _ derives from the mesoderm.
dermis
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Epidermis contains keratinocytes, melanocytes, and _.
immunocytes
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Epidermis contains keratinocytes, _, and immunocytes.
melanocytes
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Epidermis contains _, melanocytes, and immunocytes.
keratinocytes
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Keratinocytes is contained in the _.
epidermis
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Keratinocytes produce the protein _.
keratin
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Keratin is produced by _.
keratinocytes
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Keratinocytes are responsible for the _ and _ qualities of skin.
- *wear-resistance
- *waterproof
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Cells responsible for the wear-resistance qualities of skin are _.
keratinocytes
-
Cells responsible for waterproof qualities of skin are _.
keratinocytes
-
Melanocytes are _.
melanin
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Melanin is produced by _.
melanocytes
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Melanocytes are partly responsible for _.
skin color
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Skin color is partly the responsibility of _.
melanocytes
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Immunocytes provide a first line of defense against invasion by _, _, and _.
- *microbes
- *fungi
- *parasites
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Deepest layer of epidermis is _ or _.
- *stratum basale
- *stratum germinativum
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Stratum basale is the _ layer of epidermis.
deepest
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Stratum germinativum is the _ layer of epidermis.
deepest
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New keratinocytes are continuously produced from stem cells in the _ layer of epidermis.
stratum basale
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Stratum spinosum is the layer of epidermis located _.
next to the stratum basale
-
Layer of epidermis located next to the stratum basale is the _.
stratum spinosum
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Stratum granulosum is the _ layer of epidermis.
second
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Second layer of epidermis is the _.
stratum granulosum
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Stratum granulosum is the _ layer of epidermis.
second
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Stratum granulosum synthesize and store _.
keratohyalin
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Keratohyalin is synthesized and stored by _.
stratum granulosum
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Keratohyalin is a precursor of _.
keratin
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Precursor of keratin is _.
keratohyalin
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In the skin of the palms and soles the _ layer of epidermis forms.
stratum lucidum
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Stratum lucidum forms in the _ and _.
-
Stratum lucidum consists of cells filled with droplets of _.
elaidin
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Elaidin fills cells that are consisted in the _.
stratum lucidum
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Elaidin is a translucent substance formed from _.
keratohyalin
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Keratohyalin forms a translucent substance called _.
elaidin
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Outermost layer of epidermis is the _ or _.
- *stratum corneum
- *cornified layer
-
Stratum corneum or cornified layer is the _ layer of epidermis.
outermost
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Stratum corneum consists entirely of dead keratinocytes filled with _.
keratin
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Stratum corneum consists entirely of _ filled with keratin.
dead keratinocytes
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in embryonic development, the epidermis gives rise to hair, nails, and _.
dermal glands
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In embryonic development, the epidermis gives rise to hair, _, and dermal glands.
nails
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In embryonic development, the epidermis gives rise to _, nails, and dermal glands.
hair
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Root of a hair is enclosed within a _.
hair follicle
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Tiny bundle of smooth muscle attached to each hair follicle is called the _.
arrector pili
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Arrector pili is a tiny bundle of smooth muscle is attached to _.
each hair follicle
-
Arrector pili is a _ attached to each hair follicle.
tiny bundle of smooth muscle
-
Nails are plates of _, _ cells.
-
Nails arise from stems located in the _.
nail groove
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Growth of the nail occurs in the _.
nail matrix
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Sebaceous glands are associated with _.
hair follicles
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Glands are associated with hair follicles are the _.
sebaceous glands.
-
Sebaceous glands are absent from _.
skin of palms and soles
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Glands that are absent from skin of palms and soles are _.
sebaceous glands
-
Sebum reduces _.
loss of moisture
-
Sebum contains _.
antimicrobial chemicals
-
Sebaceous glands are _ glands.
holocrine
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Holocrine glands secretion is formed as a product of the _.
breakdown of dead gland cells
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Secretion formed as a product of the breakdown of dead gland cells are _ glands.
holocrine
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Suderiferous glands are also known as _ glands.
sweat
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Sweat glands are also known as _ glands.
suderiferous
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Two main types of sudoriferous glands are _ and _.
- *eccrine sweat glands
- *apocrine sweat glands
-
Eccrine sweat glands are a type of _ gland.
suderiferous
-
Apocrine sweat glands are a type of _.
sudoriferous gland
-
Sudoriferous glands are _ glands.
merocrine
-
Merocrine glands include _ glands.
sudoriferous
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Sudoriferous glands that are scattered throughout the body surface are _.
eccrine sweat glands
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Sudoriferous glands that are most dense in the palms and soles are _.
eccrine sweat glands
-
Main role of eccrine sweating is to _.
promote heat loss
-
Evaporative cooling is a process in which some heat is absorbed by the water in the process of its transformation from a _ to a _.
-
Eccrine sweating is controlled by the nervous system as part of the process of _.
thermoregulation
-
Dermis is made up of abundant fibers of _ and _.
-
Two layers of dermis are the _ and _ layers.
-
Papilla of the papillary layer project into the _.
epidermis
-
Papillae of the papillary layer contain an extensive capillary network that supples the needs of the _ layers of the epidermis.
basal
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Papillae of the papillary layer contain an extensive _ that supplies the needs of the basal layers of the epidermis.
capillary network
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Part of the dermis that contains an extensive capillary network is the _.
papillae of the capillary layer
-
Papillae of the papillary layer plays an important role in _.
heat loss from the body core
-
Part of the dermis that plays an important role in heat loss from the body core is the _.
papillae of the papillary layer
-
Papillary layer is responsible for the _ of palms and soles.
fingerprints
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Fingerprints are the responsibility of the _.
papillary layer
-
Reticular layer is composed of a network of _ fibers that give the skin its elasticity and resilience.
crisscrossing collagen and elastin
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Reticular layer is composed of a network of crisscrossing collagen and elastin fibers that give the skin _.
its elasticity and resilience
-
Network of crisscrossing collagen and elastin fibers that give the skin its elasticity and resilience composes the _.
reticular layer
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Underneath the dermis and not technically part of the skin is the _.
hypodermis
-
Hypodermis is located _.
underneath the dermis
-
Hypodermis contains loose connective tissue, arterioles, venules and _.
adipose tissue
-
Hypodermis contains loose connective tissue, arterioles, _, and adipose tissue.
venules
-
Hypodermis contains loose connective tissue, _, venules, and adipose tissue.
arterioles
-
Hypodermis contains _, arterioles, venules, and adipose tissue.
loose connective tissue
-
Blood flow into superficial vessels is controlled by the _ branch of the autonomic nervous system.
sympathetic
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Increases in core body temperature inhibit the tonic sympathetic outflow to _.
superficial blood vessels
-
Increases in core body temperature inhibit the _ to superficial blood vessels.
tonic sympathetic outflow
-
As long as the temperature of the body surface exceeds that of the environment, heat can be lost through _, _, and _.
- *radiation
- *conduction
- *convection
-
Earliest effect of heat conservation measures is an increase in the outflow of impulses along sympathetic nerves to _.
cutaneous vessels
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Earliest effectsof heat conservation measures is an increase in the outflow of impulses along _ to the cutaneous vessels.
sympathetic nerves
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Second aspect of heat conservation is that _.
sweating is abolished
-
First-degree burns involve mainly damage to the _.
epidermis
-
Burns that involve mainly damage to the epidermis are _.
first-degree burns
-
Second-degree burns involve at least some damage to the _.
dermis
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Burns that involve at least some damage to the dermis are _.
second-degree burns
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Third-degree burns affect _ and _.
- *dermis
- *subcutaneous tissue
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