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What is the difference between sensation and perception?
- Sensation - receptor activated by sensory input
- Perception - conscious awareness of the sensation
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Tactile information that we are consciously aware of are known as:
somatic senses
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Information that we are unaware of, such as blood pressure and heart rate are known as _______ senses.
visceral
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Sight, taste, smell, and hearing are considered to be the:
special senses
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List the four steps that occur when processing sensation.
- sensory receptor is stimulated
- receptor potential - local potential occurs within the receptor
- generator potential - action potential sends information up to the brain
- transduction - sensory information is sent to the appropriate sensory cortex
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What is a receptor potential?
The local potential that occurs within the receptor.
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What will occur during a generator potential?
If threshold is reached, an action potential sends information up to the brain
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What happens if transduction does not occur?
It is as if the sensation wasn't there.
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True or False: Humans cannot perform transduction on certain types of information such as high sonic frequencies or UV light.
True
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True or False: Sensory receptors have specificity, meaning that pain receptors cannot detect temperature.
True
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The connection between the receptor and the sensory cortex is known as the:
labelled line
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Receptors have areas they can monitor known as:
receptor fields
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Small receptor fields correspond to _______ receptors which can localize stimuli precisely.
sensitive
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Less sensitive receptors correspond to _______ receptor fields.
large
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Define adaptation in relation to sensory perception.
A decrease in sensitivity to a long lasting stimulus
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Where does peripheral adaptation occur?
at the level of the receptor
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List the two types of adapting receptors.
- fast adapting receptors
- slow adapting receptors
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When a receptor is still active but the sensory cortex no longer responds, it is known as what type of adaptation?
central adaptation
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Which type of tactile receptor has a small receptive field and is very sensitive.
fine touch and pressure receptors
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A crude touch receptor will have a _______ receptor field and be _______ sensitive.
large, less
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Which type of tactile receptor responds to itch and tickle sensations and is comprised of branching dendrites.
free nerve endings
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Which type of tactile receptor responds to light touch and superficial pressure?
Merkel's disc
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Which tactile receptor distinguishes low frequency vibration and two point discrimination?
Meissner's corpuscle
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Distortion, or movement of the hair, is perceived by the:
root hair plexus
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This tactile receptor perceives deep pressure.
Pacinian corpuscle
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This tactile receptor perceives continuous pressure.
Ruffinian corpuscle
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