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Mechanism of Action
Syntheic opioid agonist that acts on opioid receptors to produce analgesia, euphoria, respiratory and physical depression; a schedule II drug with potential for physical dependency and abuse.
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Indications
Analgesia for moderate to severe pain.
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Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to narcotic agents, diarrhea caused by poisoning, patients taking MAOI's, during labor or delivery of a premature infant, undiagnosed abdominal pain or head injury.
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Adverse Reactions
Respiratory depression, sedation, apnea, circulatory depression, arrhythmias, shock, euphoria, delirium, agitation, hallucinations, visual disturbances, coma, seizures, headache, facial flushing, increased ICP, nausea, vomiting.
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Drug Interactions
Do not give concurrently with MAOI's (even with a dose in the last 14 days!). Exacerbates CNS depression when given with these medications.
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How Supplied
50/mL in 1-mL prefilled syringes and Tubex.
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Dosage and Administration
Adult: 50-100 mg IM, SC or 25-50 mg slowly IV.
Pediactric: 1-2 mg/kg/dose IV, IO, IM, SC.
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Duration of Action
Onset: IM: 10-45 minutes; IV: immediate.
Peak Effect: 30-60 minutes.
Duration: 2-4 hours.
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Special Considerations
Pregnancy safety: Category C. Use with caution in patients with asthma and COPD. May aggravate seizures in patients with known convulsive disorders. Naloxone should be readily available as antagonist.
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