Bismark got his oppurtunity to unite the North German Confederation with the states of southern germany to create a unified nation-state when:
D) the Spanish throne came open
The 'scramble for Africa' is commonly understood to have begun:
D) with Britain's occupation of Egypt
Lothar von Trotha's 'extermination order' was issued:
A) before the battle of Waterberg
European expansion in Africa prior to the 1880's was accomplished as a result of:
C) unanticipated conditions on the ground
The debate of the Herero Uprising in the German Parliament in 1904 revealed what about European attitudes towardsrace at what time?
C) White superiority was largely taken for granted across the political spectrum
The introduction of the Dreadnought represented a substantial intensification of the antagonism between:
B) Britain and Germany
The assassination that helped spark the First Word War was motivated by:
D) nationalism
The Great Powers of Europe called a meeting in Berlin in 1878 out of concern for:
C) the balance of power, recently upset by Russia in its war with the Ottoman Empire
The inclusive, equaizing identity fostered by the Ottoman regime in the 19th century, resulted at least in part from:
D) All the above
Theodor Herzl adopted the cause of Zionism as a result of:
B) the Dreyfus Affair in France in 1894
Fighting on the Western Front in World War One largely took form of:
C) stalemated trench-warfare mixed with periodic efforts at breakthrough
The ideology of Pan-Turkism, adopted by a faction of the Young Turks around 1912, involved:
B) the desire for a homogeneous Turkish nation-state
Seeking to eliminate the last sizable Christian minority in the Empire, the Young Turk leaders used the opportunity presented by World War I to carry out a genocide against the:
B) Armenians
Which of the following represented an effort to deal with the problem of supply during the First World War?
D) all the above
The German military strategy of huge encircling battles of annihilation was successful at:
C) Tannenberg and the Masurian Lakes
Prior to the 17th century, the focus of European power traditionally was in which region?
B) The Mediterranean
A key developement that preceded and helped make possible the Industrial Revolution was:
D) The Agricultural Revolution
European society up to the 19th century was overwhelmingly:
B) Agrarian
The Enlightenment sought to apply reason to understand:
C) Human society
In "Concerning the Amelioration of the Civil Status of the Jews" von Dohm explains the 'problem' of the Jews as being the result of:
C) the environment imposed on them by Christian Europe
In "What is the Third Estate?" the Abbe Sieyes describes the First and Second Estates as:
C) Malignant tumors
A key critique of Liberalism made by early Socialists involved the question of:
A) competition
As a result of Louis XVI's flight and capture at Varennes in 1791:
B) His images as 'father of the people' was shattered
Up until the 19th century, divisions in society and the rights and duties that went along with them were established by:
A) Law
The physical layout of the city of Manchester, as described by Friedrich Engels in his Condition of the Working Class in England, reflected one of the consequences of industrialization- the division of society into moderna:
D) classes
The putting out system of industrial production was most common in:
A) Urban areas
The French Revolutionaries abolished guilds because:
D) all of the above
Which of the following is not an example of pre-Columbus contact between Europeans and the wider world?
C) Napolean's invasion of Egypt
As a result of the Patent of Toleration:
B) Jews in Austria gained many new rights
The Enlightenment was fostered through:
D) all of the above
The French national holiday on July 14 commemorates:
C) The storming of the Bastille
The fostering of nationalism and national identity in the 19th century involved:
D) all of the above
Johann Gottfried von Herder contributed to the developement of nationalism through his stress on the fundamental relationship between nations and:
D) language
Which of the following was a result of the March of the Women in October 1789?
C) The King and the National Assembly moved from Versailles to Paris
Louis XVI agreed to call the Estates General to deal with which problem?