Endocrine drugs

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Aspart
- Insulin/analog
- Rapid acting/prevent self association
Detemir
- Insulin/analog
- Long Acting/self aggregation/bind to albumin
Glargine
- Insulin/analog
- Long Acting/soluable at acid pH
Glulisine
- Insulin/analog
- Rapid acting/prevent self association
Lispro
- Insulin/analog
- Rapid acting/prevent self association
NPH
- Insulin/analog
- Intermediate acting
Crystaline insulin
- Insulin/analog
- Short acting
Exenatide
- Incretin-like drug/Type II only
- MOA: stim beta-cells/inhib alpha-cells (dec glucagon/ inc insulin)
- SubQ
Sitagliptin
- Incretin-like drug/Type II only
- MOA: stim beta-cells/inhib alpha-cells (dec glucagon/ inc insulin)
- Inhib Enz that breaksdown incretin
- Oral
Pramlintide
- Amylin Analog/Type I and II use
- MOA: inhib glucagon secretion/hormone made in alpha-cells/CNS-mediated anorectic
- SubQ
Chlorpropamide
- Sulfonylurea/1st gen
- MOA: insulin secretagogues/ blk K+ channel on Beta-islet/inc intracell Ca++/Inc insulin
- HYPOglycemia
- SE: allergies (S-J syndrome)/weight gain
Glipizide
- Sulfonylurea/2nd gen
- MOA: insulin secretagogues/ blk K+ channel on Beta-islet/inc intracell Ca++/Inc insulin
- HYPOglycemia
- SE: allergies (S-J syndrome)/weight gain
Glyburide
- Sulfonylurea/2nd gen
- MOA: insulin secretagogues/ blk K+ channel on Beta-islet/inc intracell Ca++/Inc insulin
- HYPOglycemia
- SE: allergies (S-J syndrome)/weight gain
Glimepiride
- Sulfonylurea/2nd gen
- MOA: insulin secretagogues/ blk K+ channel on Beta-islet/inc intracell Ca++/Inc insulin
- HYPOglycemia
- SE: allergies (S-J syndrome)/weight gain
Tolbutamide
- Sulfonylurea/1st gen
- MOA: insulin secretagogues/ blk K+ channel on Beta-islet/inc intracell Ca++/Inc insulin
- HYPOglycemia
- SE: allergies (S-J syndrome)/weight gain
Repaglinide
- Meglitinide
- MOA: same as sufaureas/more potent/insulin secretion
- SE: HYPOglycemia/weight gain
Nateglinide
- phenylalanine analog
- MOA: same as sulfaurea/insulin secretion/faster action/ shorter duration
- Less HYPOglycemia
- Safer for renal damage
Metformin
- Biguanide/Type II DM (first line)
- Oral
- No Hypoglycemia
- MOA: dec gluconeogenesis in liver by activate AMP-protein kinase
- SE: lactic acidosis/GI/NO hypoglycemia
Rosiglitazone
- Thiazolidinedione
- MOA: PPAR gamma-agonists/inc insulin sensitivity
- NO HYPOglycemia
- SE: hepatotox/weight gain/heart attack/stroke
Pioglitazone
- Thiazolidinedione
- MOA: PPAR gamma-agonists/inc insulin sensitivity
- NO HYPOglycemia
- SE: hepatotox/weight gain/bladder CA
Acarbose
- Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
- MOA: inhib breakdown of glucose (intestinal brush boarder)/dec monosaccharide breakdown
- SE: (bacteria use sugar) flatulance/diarrhea/abdo pain/ NO weight gain
Miglitol
- Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
- MOA: inhib breakdown of glucose (intestinal brush boarder)/dec monosaccharide breakdown/dec carb absorb
- SE: (bacteria use sugar) flatulance/diarrhea/abdo pain/ NO weight gain
Thyroxine
- Thyroid hormone
- MOA: synthetic T4
- SE: thyrotoxicosis/inc CV events
- Preg women require more hormone
Triiodothyronine
- Thyroid hormone
- MOA: oral T3
- SE: thyrotoxicosis/inc CV events
- More freq/better oral/$$$
- Preg women require more hormone
T4+T3

Thyroid hormone
Propylthiouracil (PTU)
- Thioamide/Thioureylene
- MOA: inhib (by thyroid peroxidase)oxidation/iodination/ coupling/dec periferal convert of T4
- SE: rash/agranulocytosis(dec neutrophils/inc infection)/ hypothyroid/thyroid storm/teratogenic
- Slow onset
Methimazole
- Thioamide/Thioureylene
- MOA: inhib (by thyroid peroxidase)oxidation/iodination/ coupling/dec periferal convert of T4
- SE: rash/agranulocytosis(dec neutrophils/inc infection)/ hypothyroid/thyroid storm
- Slow onset
Potassium Iodide
- MOA: initial inhib (synthesis/release) of T3/T4 secretion (transient)
- Nuclear protectant
- Oral/combo therapy
- SE: rash/allergy/swollen salivary glands
- Give >6mg/day//fast onset
Radioactive iodine I-131
- dx and tx
- NOT preg or nursing mothers
- SE: delayed hypothyroidism
Propranolol
- used in treat of HYPERthyroidism
- alleviate inc CV activity
Cortisol
- Glucocorticoid
- Use: Replacement tx/emergencies
- SE: Hyperglc/inc TG/osteoporosis/inc infection/euphoria/ cataracts/dec HPA axis/inc appetite
Dexamethasone
- Glucocorticoid
- Use: anti-imflammatory/immunosuppressive/ water retension undesirable
- SE: Hyperglc/inc TG/osteoporosis/inc infection/euphoria/ cataracts/dec HPA axis/inc appetite
Prednisolone
- Glucocorticoid
- Use: anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive
- SE: Hyperglc/inc TG/osteoporosis/inc infection/euphoria/ cataracts/dec HPA axis/inc appetite
Fludrocortisone
- Mineralocorticoid
- Use: adreanal insufficiency
- SE: fluid and electrolyte abnormalities/HTN
Spironolactone
- Mineralocorticoid antagonist/androgen antagonist
- Use: primary aldosteronism (adenoma/hyperplastic adrenal/malignant tumor)
Eplerenone
- Mineralocorticoid antagonist
- Use: primary aldosteronism (adenoma/hyperplastic adrenal/malignant tumor)
Aminoglutethimide
- synthesis inhibitor/anti-GC
- MOA: inhib cholesterol to pregnenolone (whole pathway)
- Use: Cushing's
Metyrapone
- synthesis inhibitor/anti-GC
- MOA: inhib 11-deoxy conversion of GC
- Use: Cushing's
Ketoconazole
- synthesis inhibitor/anti-GC
- MOA: anti-fungal/multi-step inhib
- Use: Cushing's
Estradiol

Estrogen
Ethinyl estradiol
- Estrogen
- MOA: inhib ovulation/suppress HPG axis
- SE: stroke/DVT/bone protection/weight gain/dec glucose tol/inc HDL
- C/I: smokers over 35
Estrone sulfate
- Estrogen
- MOA: inhib ovulation/suppress HPG axis
- SE: stroke/DVT/bone protection/weight gain/dec glucose tol/inc HDL
- C/I: smokers over 35
Diethylstilbestrol
- Estrogen
- MOA: inhib ovulation/suppress HPG axis
- SE: stroke/DVT/bone protection/weight gain/dec glucose tol/inc HDL
- C/I: smokers over 35
Tamoxifen
- SERM
- Use: Antag in breast only/relieve postmen/osteoporosis/ dec breast CA
Raloxifen
- SERM
- Use: Antag in breast and uterus/relieve postmen/ osteoporosis/dec breast CA/less thromboembolic
Clomiphene
- Estrogen receptor antagonist
- Use: induce ovulation/antag inhib on pituitary and hypothalamus
Fulvestrant
- Estrogen receptor antagonist
- Use: induce ovulation/antag inhib on pituitary and hypothalamus
Anastrozole
- Aromatase inhibitor
- MOA: inhib androgen to estradiol
- SE: menopause
Exemestane
- Aromatase inhibitor
- MOA: inhib androgen to estradiol
- SE: menopause
Drospirenone
- Progestin
- inc activity as MC and androgen antagonist
- Use: endometrial development/dec mucous
Progesterone
- Progestin
- Use: endometrial development/dec mucous
Medroxyprogesterone acetate
- Progestin/IM/3 mon shot
- MOA: dec cervical mucous
- SE: HA/abnormal bleeding
Norethindrone
- Progestin only contraception
- MOA: dec cervical mucous
- SE: HA/abnormal bleeding
- Oral/IUD
Norgestrel
- Progestin only
- MOA: dec cervical mucous
- SE: HA/abnormal bleeding
- Oral/IUD
RU 486
- Progestin receptor antagonist
- Mifepristone
- MOA: stimulate menstration/inhib HPG axis
- Use: abortion (combo w/PGE analog)
- SE: GC antagonist
FSH
- Gonadotropin
- Use: induce follicular growth
CG
- Gonadotropin
- Use: induce ovulation
Gonadorelin
- GnRH/analog
- Short acting
- Pulsitile
- MOA: inc gonadotropins/inc fertility
Luprolide
- GnRH/analog
- Use: prostate CA
- Continuous release
- MOA: suppress HPG axis
Cetrorelix
- GnRH/analog
- Use: precocious puberty (boys)/ endometriosis (female)
Testosterone
- Androgen
- Use: hypogonadism/tx catabolic states (muscle wasting in AIDS)
Testosterone Propionate
- Androgen
- Use: hypogonadism/tx catabolic states (muscle wasting in AIDS)
Methyltestosterone
- 17-alpha-alkylated androgen
- Oral
- SE: hepatotoxic/edema/jaundice
Danazol
- 17-alpha-alkylated androgen
- Oral
- SE: hepatotoxic/edema/jaundice
Dutasteride
- 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor
- Use: tx BPH
- SE: virilization in prepuberty/feminization in postpuberty/ suppress HPG axis/inc risk liver CA/anabolic
Finasteride
- 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor
- Use: tx BPH
- SE: virilization in prepuberty/feminization in postpuberty/ suppress HPG axis/inc risk liver CA/anabolic
Bicalutamide

Androgen Receptor antagonist
Flutamide
- Androgen Receptor antagonist
- Use: prostate CA
Nilutamide
- Androgen Receptor antagonist
- Use: prostate CA
Growth Hormone
- GH-related
- SubQ/IM
- SE: inject site rxn/HA
- Adults: perif edema/carpal tunnel/dec glc tolerance/ hypothyroidism
- Children: inc intracranial pressure
Sermorelin acetate
- GH-related/synthetic
- SE: inject site rxn/HA
- Adults: perif edema/carpal tunnel/dec glc tolerance/ hypothyroidism
- Children: inc intracranial pressure
IGF-1
- GH-related/human recombinant
- Use: only GH resistant cases
- SE: inject site rxn/HA
- Adults: perif edema/carpal tunnel/dec glc tolerance/ hypothyroidism
- Children: inc intracranial pressure
Pegvisomant
- GH antagonist
- binds better than wild-type
Octreotide
- Somatostatin agonist
- MOA: bind 2 & 5 recept/avoid pancreas recept
- SE: N/diarrhea/abdo pain/gallstones
Lanreotide
- Somatostatin agonist
- MOA: bind 2 & 5 recept/avoid pancreas recept
- SE: N/diarrhea/abdo pain/gallstones
Bromocriptine
- D2 agonist
- MOA: inhib prolactin release
- Use: tx hyperprolactinemia/amenorrhea/galactorrhea/ infertility/prevent lact post-abortion/miscarry
- SE: N/HA/orthostatic hypo
Cabergoline
- D2 agonist
- MOA: inhib prolactin release
- Use: tx hyperprolactinemia/amenorrhea/galactorrhea/ infertility/prevent lact post-abortion/miscarry
- SE: N/HA/orthostatic hypo
Desmopressin
- Posterior pituitary
- MOA: V1=constrict/V2=resorb water
- Use: replacement tx for DI
- Not selective
Oxytocin
- Posterior pituitary
- MOA: change ion current in SM of myometrium/ sustained contraction/induce labor
Vasopressin
- Posterior pituitary
- MOA: V1=constrict/V2=resorb water
- Use: replacement tx for DI
- V2 selective
Atosiban
- Posterior pituitary antagonist
- Use: tx premature labor
- NOT USA
Vitamin D
- Vitamin D/analog
- MOA: inc absorb of Ca/hypercalcemia
Vitamin D2
- Vitamin D/analog
- MOA: inc absorb of Ca/hypercalcemia
- Plant derivative
Vitamin D3
- Vitamin D/analog
- MOA: inc absorb of Ca/hypercalcemia
- Mammalian
PTH

MOA: dec Ca into urine/inc uptake from bone
Calcitonin
- MOA: inhib bone resorb/causes hypocalcemia
- SubQ/nasal
Alendronate
- Bisphosphonate
- MOA: Inhib enz in isoprenoid synth/inhib boen resorb/ hypocalcemia
- Oral(poor absorb/esophagitis)/parentral
Etidronate
- Bisphosphonate
- MOA: Inhib enz in isoprenoid synth/inhib boen resorb/ hypocalcemia
- Parentral
Pamidronate
- Bisphosphonate
- MOA: Inhib enz in isoprenoid synth/inhib boen resorb/ hypocalcemia
- Parentral
Risedronate
- Bisphosphonate
- MOA: Inhib enz in isoprenoid synth/inhib boen resorb/ hypocalcemia
- Oral (poor absorb/esophagitis)/parentral
Tiludronate
- Bisphosphonate
- MOA: Inhib enz in isoprenoid synth/inhib boen resorb/ hypocalcemia
- Oral(poor absorb/esophagitis)/parentral
Ferrous fumarate
- Iron
- Oral/not enteric coated
- SE: cramps/N/constipation/diarrhea/black stool
- Repletion 3-6 months
Ferrous gluconate
- Iron
- Oral/not enteric coated
- SE: cramps/N/constipation/diarrhea/black stool
- Repletion 3-6 months
- Less SE because less elemental Fe
Ferrous sulfate
- Iron
- Oral/not enteric coated
- SE: cramps/N/constipation/diarrhea/black stool
- Repletion 3-6 months
Deferasirox
- Chelator
- Use: Iron toxicity
- Oral/fecal elim/
- SE: HA/Renal tox
- Repletion 2-3 weeks
Deferoxamine
- Chelator
- Use: Iron toxicity
- IV/Renal elim
- SE: discolor at inject/HA/arthralgia/anaphylaxis (test dose)/OTO tox/OCULAR tox
- Repletion 2-3 weeks
Vitamin B12
- Vitamin
- Use: convert to succinyl-CoA/convert to methionine
- Needs intrinsic factor to absorb in ilium
- Use: suppliment deficient diet (vegetarian)
- Oral/IV in pernicious anemia
Erythropoietin
- hematopoietic growth factor
- Use: stim prolif/mature/hemoglobin form/stim early release of reticulocytes
- SE: inc thrombosis/HTN/seizures/CA progression
G-CSF
- hematopoietic growth factor
- MOA: stim granulocyte/neutrophil/release granulocytes from marrow
GM-CSF
- hematopoietic growth factor
- MOA: stim granulocytes/monocytes/macrophages/ megakaryocytes
- combo IL-3

Author

ldewanz

120358

Card Set

Endocrine drugs

Description

Endocrine drugs

Updated

2011-12-03T17:10:06Z

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