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Exchange of gases
Respiration
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What structures make up upper airways?
Air passages of head & neck including nasal cavities, oral cavity, pharynx
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Connects nasal cavity to oral cavity
pharynx
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Opening to the larynx which is covered by epiglottis
Glottis
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Aka voicebox; air flows thru it to get to lungs
Larynx
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Flap which goes over glottis during swallowing to prevent food entry into larynx
Epiglottis
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Larynx is at the top of this zone; job is to move air from larynx to site of gas xchg
Conducting zone (conducts air)
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Zone of gas xchg
Respiratory zone
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Consists of the airways from pharynx to lungs and includes larynx, conducting zone, respiratory zone
Respiratory tract
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What are the functions of the conducting zone? (2)
- Air passageway (dead space) (primary purpose)
- Increases air temp to level of body temp
- Humidifies air to keep resp tract moist
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What are the major structures of the conducting zone?
larynx, trachea, bronchi (1,2,3), and bronchioles (& terminal bronchioles)
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How does the amount of cilia change throughout the conducting zone? What about goblet cells?
- Amt of cilia decreases as reach bronchioles
- Goblet cells gradually decrease as move through conducting zone
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How does the amount of cartilage change throughout the conducting zone? Smooth muscle?
As go farther down resp tract, amt of cartilage decreases while amt of smooth muscle increases
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What is the importance of smooth muscle in resp tract?
Smooth muscle w/lack of cartilage enables them to chg their diamtere which alters resistance to air flow
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___ have no cartilage so can collapse, but this is prevented by the presence of elastic fibers
Bronchioles
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