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What are the three suborders of flies?
- Nematocera (mosquito)
- Brachycera (Horse flies and deer flies)
- Cyclorrhapha (House fly and botfly)
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What genus of flies are known as "gnats" or "Buffalo Gnat" and the female has mouthparts with serrations adapted for lacerating the host integument?
Simulium
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Where are Simulium flies usually found?
Near swift flowing streams
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Simulium flies are intermediate hosts for what organisms?
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What genus of flies is known as "biting midges" or "no-see-ums" and the females require a blood meal for egg development?
Culicoides
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Culicoides flies are vectors for what organisms/diseases?
- Leucocytozoon
- Haemoproteus
- Bluetongue virus
- African horse sickness
- Leishmania in Kangaroos
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What fly bite can cause an allergic dermatitis in horses known as Queensland itch?
Culicoides
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What flies are small gnat-like, their bodies and wings are hairy, and females have piercing mouth-parts and are bloodsuckers?
Sandflies (Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia)
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What flies are intermediate hosts for Leishmania?
Sandflies (Phlebotomus and Lutzomyia)
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What genus of flies are large, heavy-bodied flies with powerful wings and large eyes (horseflies)?
Tabanus
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What genus of flies are medium sized flies, the wings are banded, and they are often yellowish brown (deerflies)?
Chrysops
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What genus of flies have flattened blade-like and sponging mouthparts (antennae 3-segmented)?
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Where do Tabanus and Chrysops female flies lay their eggs?
Vegetative matter or foilage overhanging water
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Tabanus flies are mechanical vectors for what infectious agents?
- Anaplasmosis
- Anthrax
- Tularemia
- Equine Infectious Anemia
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Tabanus flies are intermediate hosts to what organisms?
- Trypanosoma
- Elaeophora schneideri
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What non-biting muscoid fly has mouthparts suited for sucking semi-liquid food (vomit-drop feeder)?
Musca domestica (common housefly)
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Musca domestica is an intermediate host for what organisms?
- Draschia
- Habronema
- (horse stomach worms)
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What fly obtains it's nutrients by feeding on secretions around the eyes, nostrils, and mouth?
Musca autumnalis (Facefly)
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What is the pathogenicity of Musca autumnalis?
- Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (Pinkeye)
- Intermediate host of the eye worm (Thelazia)
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What flies have distinctive protruding, bayonet-like mouthparts, both male and females suck blood, and the female lays eggs in decaying vegetative matter?
Stomoxys (stable fly)
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Stomoxys flies are intermediate hosts for what organisms?
Habronema (stomach worm in horses)
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What flies are found on the backs of cattle, have bayonet-like mouthparts, males and females feed on blood, and female lays it's eggs in fresh dung?
Haematobia (Horn fly)
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Haematobia flies are intermediate hosts for what organisms?
Stephanofilaria stilesi
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What flies retain their larvae in the abdomen of the female, wings may be absent, and they usually infest wild birds?
Louse flies
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What wingless dipteran is found in sheep and goats, sucks blood, and is a hippoboscid fly?
Melophagus ovinus (Sheep ked)
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Where does the lifecycle of Melophagus ovinus occur?
Entire lifecycle on the host
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Melophagus ovinus is an intermediate host for what organism?
Trypanosoma melophagium (nonpathogenic)
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Where does the lifecycle of louse flies occur?
Entire lifecycle on the host
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Louse flies are an intermediate host for what organisms?
Haemoproteus (avian malaria)
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What is infestation of living organs or tissues by dipteran larvae?
Myiasis
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What is "Strike"?
Cutaneous myiasis in sheep
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What fly breeds only once in it's lifetime, females lays eggs on tissue around an open wound, and larva have distinct band of spines and two breathing tubes?
Cochliomyia hominivorax (Primary screwworm)
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How was Cochliomyia hominivorax eradicated from the US?
Sterile male release technique
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What fly larvae infests primarily cattle, burrow directly into the skin, and adults have no functioning mouthparts?
Hypoderma spp. (cattle grub or ox warbles)
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What species of Hypoderma overwinter in the submucosal connective tissue of the esophageal wall?
H. lineatum
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What species of Hypoderma overwinter in the region of epidural fat of the spinal canal?
H. bovis
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Should you mechanically remove larvae of Hypoderma from cattle?
No
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When is it best to treat cattle for Hypoderma spp. infestation?
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What fly is known as the nasal botfly of sheep?
Oestrus spp.
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What is "False Gid" in sheep?
O. ovis larvae penetrate the cribiform plate and migrate to the brain
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What fly is known as the horse botfly and adults have reduced, functionless mouthparts?
Gasterophilus spp.
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What is the path of migration of Gasterophilus spp. in horses?
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What genus of flies is known as "wolves" or "warbles" and the preferred hosts are rabbits, mice, squirrels, and chipmunks?
Cuterebra spp.
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How do Cuterebra spp. larvae enter the host?
Penetrate orifice of the host, migrating in subcutaneous tissues and producing large cysts
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Can Cuterebra spp. infest dogs and cats?
Yes
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What are the two direct flea-induced diseases?
- Flea bite dermatitis (Flea Allergy Dermatitis)
- Anemia
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What are some diseases that transmitted by fleas?
- Dipylidium caninum
- Dipetalonema reconditum
- Myxomatosis of rabbits (Bighead)
- Plague (Yersinia pestis)
- Murine typhus (Rickettsia typhi)
- Tularemia (Francisella tularensis)
- Leishmania
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How can flea infestation be controlled?
- Physical removal of fleas
- Topical and systemic treatments
- Enviromental treatment
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What suborder do sucking lice belong in?
Anoplura (mammals)
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What suborder do biting lice belong in?
Mallophaga (birds and mammals)
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What flea is known as the cat flea?
Ctenocephalides felis
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What flea is known as the human flea?
Pulex irritans
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What flea is known as the Stick-tight flea?
Echidnophaga gallinacea
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What flea is known as the oriental rat flea?
Xenophsylla cheopis
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In which genus of sucking lice are all tarsal claws of equal size?
Haematopinus
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In which genus of sucking lice are the first pair of tarsal claws smaller than the second and third pair and they infest dogs, cattle, sheep and goats?
Linognathus
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In which genus of sucking lice are the first pair of tarsal claws smaller than the second and third pair and they infest only cattle?
Solenopotes
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What louse is called the 'human crab louse' and sexual contact is the principal means of transmission between humans?
Pthirus pubis
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What louse is known as the 'human head louse'?
Pediculus humanus capitis
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What louse is known as the 'human body louse'?
Pediculus humanus humanus
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