MicrobioViruses

• PERCH: Polio, Echovirus, Rhinovirus, Coxsackie, & HAV. Rhinovirus is the only one that's not considered an "enterovirus."
• +ssRNA. Mild fever, cold, rash, aseptic meningitis (except Rhinovirus & HAV). NAKED RNA viruses!

Picornavirus (+ssRNA). Mild fever, cold, rash... but also hand, foot, & mouth disease.

Picornavirus (+ssRNA). Myocarditis/pericarditis, plus mild fever, cold, rash, aseptic meningitis.

PAP: all the P's except Pox (no one wants to see you naked then). Papillomavirus, parvovirus, adenovirus.

All of the picornaviruses (PERCH) + reovirus (rotavirus).

"Tzanck goodness I don't have herpes." Tests for the alpha-herpesviruses: HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV. Looks for multinucleated giant cells (b/c viral proteins, at host cell membranes, induce them to fuse).

For EBV mono only (not CMV). Anti-heterophil Ab's cross-react with sheep RBC's & cause them to agglutinate.

A DNA herpesvirus. Mono (but negative Monospot), pneumonia. Most infections asymptomatic -- obviously, worse if you're immunocompromised. Congenital birth defects: microcephaly, seizures. Swollen cells w/"owl's eye" appearance.

Influenza. ssRNA, segmented genome. Major Ag's: 1) Hemagglutinin (binds sialic acid receptors on RBC's & upper respiratory cells, to gain entry for replication); 2) Neuraminidase (cleaves virus progeny so they don't just stay bound to host cells via these sialic acid receptors).

ssRNA, non-segmented. PaRaMyxoviruses: Parainfluenza, RSV, Measles, Mumps. They have fusion protein to make multinucleated giant cells, just like the alpha-herpesviruses (Tzanck test).

Pneumonia, especially in kids <6 months (#1 cause). It's a paramyxovirus (ssRNA).

Pneumonia, croup (upper airway narrowing), URI's in adults. It's a paramyxovirus (ssRNA).

Also called Rubeola. Koplick's spots on buccal mucosa: red, with white & blue in center (policeman licking a lollipop?!). Fever, maculopapular rash that starts at forehead & goes down to toes. Could get pneumonia (rare, immunocompromised) or encephalopathy (SSPE = slow-progressing). Pregnant women: no birth defects (not part of TORCHES), but spontaneous abortion.

A paramyxovirus. POM: parotitis, orchiditis (testes -- very painful swelling, but infertility rare), meningitis (aseptic). Starts off in upper respiratory tract, then disseminates via blood.

Fever Transmitted by Bites (bugs). Arthropod vectors (mosquito & tick). Flaviviruses, togaviruses, & bunyavirus. The first 2 = ss+ linear; bunyavirus = ss - circular.

A subclass of arboviruses. St. Louis encephalitis, dengue fever (painful back, muscles - tropics), yellow fever (jaundice from hepatitis, may see Councilman bodies in liver - Africa), West Nile (meningoencephalitis in elderly & immunocomp, but most infections asymptomatic).

• Think Togo -- he's built like a horse. Eastern, Western, & Venezuelan equine viruses. All cause encephalitis. Arbovirus; +ss linear RNA.
• NOTE: Rubella is also a Togavirus, but not an arbovirus (i.e. it only infects humans).

An arbovirus. ss - circular RNA. CA encephalitis.

A Togavirus (but not an arbovirus, unlike the equine viruses). A TORCH infection -- birth defects of heart, CNS, and eyes. Otherwise, it's pretty mild... "3-day German measles" -- mild fever, rash from head to toe.

A reovirus: double-stranded RNA (linear), segmented. Acute diarrhea, especially in kids: Destroy villae --> dec'd absorption of Na+ & water.

• Rhabdovirus: SS - RNA, linear. All warm-blooded animals can be infected. Prodrome, acute encephalitis (agitation, seizures), brainstem encephalitis (pharyngeal spasm -- foaming at mouth), death (respiratory ctr dysfunction).
• Negri bodies = when neurons develop inclusion bodies from the virus. Bullet-shaped capsid.

It's a DNA virus, circular, naked (no envelope). Strains 6 & 11 = warts; strains 16 & 18 = cervical cancer.

• They need their own, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase to make the + strand:
• Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication.

Arenavirus, Bunyavirus, Paramyxovirus, Orthomyxovirus, Filovirus, Rhabdovirus. (Rabies must be in here because it's very negative... mean animals.)

BOAR (with Boar's Head deli meat, you hope that they segment the animal & don't use all of its parts): Bunyavirus, Orthomyxovirus, Arenavirus, Reovirus.

All of them are neg-stranded RNA (because segmentation is a bad, negative thing!).

ABCD. Arenavirus (of course, because arenas are circular), Bunyavirus, Delta virus (Hep D).