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1) Absorption -
passing of substances into or across tissues of the body
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2) Achlorhydria –
absence of acid that normally would be found in stomach
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3) Adjunct –
an addition or secondary treatment that would be helpful but may not be necessary for treatment of particular condition; not effective if used alone
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4) Adverse effect –
any unwanted effect produced by drug or therapy that is harmful to patient
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5) Afebrile –
absence of fever
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6) Agranulocytosis –
disease marked by a severe decrease in the number of granulocytes (one type of white blood cell) normally present in the blood also called granulocytopenia
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7) Alopecia –
loss of absence of hair from areas where it is normally present
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8) Analgesic –
medication that relieves pain
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9) Anemia –
reduction, to below normal, of hemoglobin (the oxygen carrying substance in red blood cells) in the blood
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10) Anorexia –
loss of appetite for food
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11) Antitussive –
medicine used to relieve cough
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12) Arrhythmia –
abnormal heart rhythm
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13) Bradycardia –
slow heart rate usually less than 60beats/min in adults
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14) Bronchodilator –
medicine used to open up the bronchial tubes (air passages) of the lungs to increase the flow of air through them
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15) Buccal –
relating to the cheek. A buccal medicine is taken by placing it by the cheek and gum and letting it slowly dissolve
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16) Compliance –
the extent to which a patient follows medical advice
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17) Contraceptive –
medicine or device used to prevent pregnancy
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18) Contraindication –
condition/factor that serves as reason to withhold certain tx
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19) Diastolic –
BP when heart relaxed
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20) Dietary supplement –
nutrient eaten or taken into the body in addition to the usual food
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21) Diplopia –
awareness of two images of a single object at one time; double vision
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22) Diuretic –
medicine used to increase the amount of urine produced by helping the kidneys get rid of water and salt
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23) Drug interaction –
the action of one drug upon another when taken close together; depending on the drugs and the patient’s medical condition, may be harmful to the patient
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24) Dyskinesia –
refers to abnormal involuntary movement or having difficulty in performing voluntary movement
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25) Edema –
swelling of body tissue due to accumulation of excess fluids
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26) Electrolyte –
in medical use chemicals (ions) such as bicarbonate, chloride, sodium, and potassium in body fluids and tissues. Healthy functioning of the body depends on correct amounts and balances of electrolytes
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27) Emetic –
substance that caused vomiting; used in some cases of drug overdose and poisonings
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28) Enema –
solution introduced into the rectum and colon to help empty the bowel, give nutrients or medicine, or help x-ray the lower intestines
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29) Enteritis –
inflammation of the small intestine, usually causing diarrhea
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30) Expectorant –
medicine used to help the patient cough up and expel mucus from the air passages
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31) Extrapyramidal symptoms –
movement disorders occurring with certain diseases or with use of certain drugs, including trembling and shaking of hands/fingers, twisting movements of the body, shuffling walk, and stiffness of arms/legs
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32) Fibrosis –
scarring and thickening of connective tissues causing it to tighten and become less flexible
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33) Flatulence –
excessive amount of gas in the stomach or intestine
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34) Generic drug –
refers to a medicine’s chemical name which is not protected by a trademark and can therefore be used by all manufacturers or providers of the medicine
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35) Gout –
disorder caused by uric acid in the joints and kidneys, leading to painful inflammation of the joints and kidney stones
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36) Gynecomastia –
excessive development of the breast tissue in the male
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37) Hematuria –
presence of blood or red blood cells in the urine
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38) Hereditary –
genetically passed on from parent to offspring
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39) Hyperglycemia –
abnormally high amount of glucose in the blood
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40) Hypertension –
blood pressure in the arteries ( blood vessels) that is higher than normal for the patient’s age group. Hypertension may lead to a number of serious health problems AKA high blood pressure
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41) Hypoglycaemia –
abnormally low amount of glucose in the blood
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42) Hypokalemia –
abnormally low amount of potassium in the blood
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43) Incontinence –
inability to control natural passage of urine or bowel movements
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44) Insomnia –
inability to sleep or remain asleep
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45) Ischemia –
condition caused by inadequate blood flow to a part of body; usually caused by constriction or blocking of blood vessels that supply the part of the body affected
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46) Jaundice –
yellowing of the eyes and skin due to the presence of bilirubin, a substance that may be released into the blood and tissues of patients with certain medical problems, such as hepatitis (inflammation of the liver often caused by a virus infection)
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47) Lozenge –
a dry medicated tablet or disk to be placed in the mouth and allowed to dissolve slowly also called troche
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48) Malignant –
refers to a condition, usually a cancer, that can become life threatening if untreated
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49) Mineral –
one of many elements needed in small amounts for many body functions, including blood clotting, muscle movement, and fluid balance
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50) Miotic –
medicine used in the eye that causes the pupil to constrict (become smaller)
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51) Mydriatic –
medicine used in the eye that causes the pupil to dilate (become larger)
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52) Narcolepsy –
condition in which the patient is unable to prevent himself/herself from repeatedly falling asleep, often at inappropriate times/places
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53) Neuralgia –
severe stabbing or throbbing pain along the course of one or more nerves
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54) Nystagmus –
rapid, rhythmic, involuntary movements of the eyeball; may be from side to side, up and down or around
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55) Palpitation –
rapid forceful or throbbing heart beat
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56) Parenteral –
most often refers to injecting a medicine directly into a body part (eg. Vein/muscle)
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57) Phlebitis –
inflammation of a vein often caused by a blood clot
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58) Placebo –
medicine that, unknown to the patient, has no active medicinal substance; its use may relieve or improve a condition because the patient believes it will. In some studies it may be used as a “control” against which the medicine being studied can be compared also called sugar pill
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59) Polymyalgia rheumatica –
a rheumatic disease, most common in elderly patients, which causes aching and stiffness in the shoulders and hips
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60) Preservative –
substance added to a product to destroy or prevent the growth of microorganisms
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61) Priapism –
prolonged abnormal painful erection of the penis
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62) Prophylactic –
agent or medicine used to prevent the occurrence of a specific condition
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63) Psychosis –
severe mental illness marked by loss of contact with reality, often involving delusions, hallucinations, and disordered thinking
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64) Raynaud’s syndrome –
condition caused by poor blood circulation in the hands; marked by numbness, tingling and colour change (white, blue and then red), in the fingers when they are exposed to cold
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65) Relapse –
to fall back into illness after recovery has begun or after remission
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66) Reye’s syndrome –
serious disease affecting the liver and brain that sometimes occurs after a virus infection such as influenza or chicken pox. It occurs most often in young children and teenagers (especially those who have been treated with ASA during illness.) the first sign of reye’s syndrome is usually severe prolonged vomiting.
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67) Rhinitis –
inflammation of the mucus membrane inside the nose; often caused by an infection (such as a cold) or an allergy. Symptoms include running or stuffy nose or sneezing
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68) Sign –
possible evidence of a disease or other change in condition that can be seen or measured by someone other than the person experiencing it for example, a skin rash or high blood pressure
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69) Sinusitis –
inflammation of a sinus
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70) Stye –
infection of one or more sebaceous glands of the eyelid, marked by swelling
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71) Symptom –
possible evidence of a disease or other change in condition that is apparent only to the person experiencing it for example headache
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72) Syncope –
sudden loss of consciousness due to inadequate blood flow to the brain; fainting
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73) Systemic –
having general effects throughout the body; applies to most medicines when taken by mouth or given by injection into a blood vessel or muscle
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74) Systolic –
BP when heart contracting
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75) Tardive dyskinesia –
slow, involuntary movements, often of the tongue, lips, or arms usually brought on by certain drugs
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76) Tendinitis –
inflammation of a tendon
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77) Teratogenic –
causing abnormal development in an embryo or fetus resulting in birth defects
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78) Thrush –
overgrowth of the yeast Candida in the mouth; marked by white patches on the tongue or inside the mouth
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79) Tinea –
fungus infection of the surface of the skin particularly the scalp, feet, and nails also called ringworm
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80) Tinnitus –
ringing in the ears
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81) Transdermal –
a method of applying a medicine to the skin that produces a prolonged systemic effect rather than a local effect. The medicine is contained in a special patch, disk, or ointment from which it slowly passed through the skin and is absorbed into the bloodstream, which carries it through the body
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82) Trigeminal neuralgia –
severe burning or stabbing pain along certain nerves in the face
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83) Urticaria –
an eruption of itching wheals on the skin AKA hives
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84) Vertigo –
sensation of motion, usually whirling or dizziness either of oneself or one’s surroundings
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85) Vitamin –
any of a group of substances needed in small amounts only for growth and health. Vitamins are usually found naturally in food, may also be man made
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86) Water pill –
see “diuretic”
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