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What are some exacerbating factors in MS?
- Uthoff's symptom
- Viral and bacterial infections
- Major life stress
- Hyperventilation, malnutrition, exhaustion, dehydration, sleep deprivation
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What are 5 somatosensory impairments in patients with MS?
- Paresthesia
- Dysesthesia
- Hyperpathia
- Trigeminal neuralgia
- Lhermitte's sign
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Interventions for sensory impairments
- Substitute with other sensory systems
- Augment with weights, resistance, approximation
- Skin care and precautions to prevent breakdown
- Manage pain
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Visual impairment
- Approximately 80% of patients
- Nystagmus
- Diplopia
- May lead to balance deficits
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Interventions for visual impairments:
- Patching for diplopia can be a temporary solution.
- Compensatory measures for safety
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Motor impairment
- Weakness - indicates corticospinal tracts or motor cortex damage
- Weakness - vary from mild paresis to total paralysis
- Poor motor unit recruitment
- Prolonged inactivity - result in weakness
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Interventions for motor impairments
- Strengthening
- Compensatory strategies
- Assistive device
- Functional training - ambulation, transfers
- Cardiorespiratory muscle strengthening
- Aquatics
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What is common with cerebellar or vestibular involvement in patients with visual impairment?
Nystagmus
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