Final Exam

surgical puncture

to break; surgical fracture

binding, fixation (of a bone or joint)

excision, removal

separation; destruction; loosening

fixation (of an organ)

surgical repair

suture

forming an opening (mouth)

instrument to cut

incision

crushing

record, writing

instrument for recording

process of recording

instrument for measuring

act of measuring

instrument for examining

visual examination

pain

pain

hernia, swelling

dilation, expansion

swelling

vomiting

blood condition

forming, producing, origin

forming, producing, origin

abnormal condition (produced by something specific)

inflammation

stone, calculus

softening

enlargement

tumor

abnormal condition; increase (used primarily with blood cells)

disease

disease, deficiency

eating, swallowing

speech

fear

formation,growth

formation, growth

paralysis

prolap, downward, displacement

bursting forth (of)

bursting forth (of)

discharge, flow

rupture

abnormal condition of hardening

involuntary contraction, twitching

narrowing, stricture

poison

nourishment, development

pertaining to

pertaining to

pertaining to

pertaining to

pertaining to

pertaining to

pertaining to

pertaining to

pertaining to

pertaining to

pertaining to

condition

condition

condition

medicine; treatment

specialist

specialist

condition, process

small, minute

small, minute

small, minute

above, upon

under, below, deficient

under, below

under, below

between

after, behind

before, in front of

before, in front ot

backward, behind

two

double

double

one half

excessive, above normal

large

small

one

one

many, much

many, much

first

four

three

from, away from

toward

around

around

through, accross

through, accross

outside, outward

outside, outward

outside, outward

in, within

in, within

near, beside, beyond

upper, above

above; excessive; superior

excess, beyond

without, not

without, not

against

against

slow

bad; painful; difficult

good, normal

different

same

same

bad

all

false

union, together, joined

rapid

widened blood vessel

vessel (usually blood or lymph)

vessel (usually blood or lymph)

aorta

artery

arteriole

atrium

fatty plaque

heart

electricity

embolus (plug)

blood vessel

muscle

vein

vein

hardening; sclera (white of eye)

septum

pulse

narrowing, stricture

blood clot

ventricle (of the heart or brain)

record, writing

instrument for recording

process of recording

pulse

narrowing, structure

slow

in, within

outside

around

rapid

across

localized abnormal dilation of a vessel, usually an artery

condition of being stopped or bringing to a stop

inability of the heart to maintain a normal sinus rhythm, possibly including a rapid or slow beat or "skipping" a beat; also called dysrythmia

soft blowing sound heard on auscultation, possibly due to vibration associated with the movement of blood, valvular action, or both; also called a murmur

any disease or weakening of heart muscle that diminishes cardiac function

thin, flexible, hollow plastic tube that is small enough to be threaded through a vein, artery, or tubular structure

narrowing of a vessel, especially the aorta

blood clot that forms in the deeo veins if the bodym especially those in the legs or thighs

calculation of how much blood a ventricle an eject with one contraction

failure of the heart to supply an adequate amount of blood to tissues and organs

mass of undissolved matter (foreign object, tissue, thrombus) circulating in blood or lymphatic channels until it becomes lodged in a vessel

quivering or spontaneous muscle contractions, especially of the heart, causing ineffectual contractions

arrest of bleeding or circulation

excessive amounts of lipids (cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides)in the blood.

common disorder characterized by elevated blood pressure persistently exceeding 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic

any heart disorder caused by prolonged hypertension, including left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, cardiac arrhythmias, and heart failure

implantable battery-powered device that monitors and automatically corrects ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation by sending electrical impulses to the heart

area of tissue that undergoes necrosis following cessation of blood supply

local and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to circulatory obstruction

common and occasionally serious condition in which the leaflets of the mitral valve prolapse into the left atrium during systole causing a characteristic murmur heard on auscultation

chemical radioactive material used as a tracer to follow a substance thorugh the body or a structure

sensation that the heart is not beating normally, possibly including "thumping," "fluttering," "skiped beats." or a pounding feeling in the chest

failure if the ductus arteriousus to close after birth, allowing blood

circulation of blood through tissues or the passage of fluids through vessels of an organ

congenital anomaly consisting of four elements: 1. pulmonary artery stenosis; 2. interventricular septal defect; 3. transposition of the aorta, that both ventricles empty in to the aorta; 4. right ventricular hypertrophy caused by increased workload of the right ventricle.

slender or threadlike device used to hold open vessels, tubes, or obstructed arteries.

blood clot that obstructs a vessel

passage of chatheter into the heart through a vein or artery to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the heart

graphic line recordingthat shows the spread of electrical excitation to different parts of the heart using small metal electrodes applied to the chest, arms, and legs.

ECG taken with a small portable recording system capable of storing up to 24 hours of ECG tracings

ECG that utilized a radioisotope to evaluate coronary blood flow

ECG taken under controlled exercise stress conditions

blood test that measures troponin T, troponin I, and creatinine kinase (CK-MB)

series of tests (total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, and triglycerides) used to assess risk factors of ischemic heart disease

radiographc imaging of the heart and blood vessels after injection of a contrast dye.

agiography to determine the degree of obstruction of the arteries that supply blood to the heart

angiography in which two radiographic images are obtained, the first one without contrast material and the second one after a contrast material has been injected, and then compared by a computed that digitally substracts (removes) the images of soft tissues, bones, and muscles, leaving only the image of vessels with contrast.

radiological examination of the aorta and its branches following injection of a contrast medium via a catheter.

noninvasive diagnosic method that uses ultrasound to visualize internal cardiac structures and produce images of the heart

noninvsive adaptation of ultrasound technology in which blood flow velocity is assesed in different areas of the heart

noninvasive technique that uses radiowaves and a strong magnetic field, rather than an x-ray beam, to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images of blood vessels

nuclear procedure that uses radioactie tracers to produce movie-like images of the structures of the heart, including the myocardium and the mitral and tricuspid valves.

imaging technique that provides a graphic display of heart sounds and murmurs during the cardiac cycle

diagnostic test tht uses radiation emitted by the body after an injection of radioactive substances to create images of various organs or identify body functions and diseases.

scintigraphy procedure that uses injected radioactive thallium and records the uptake of the isotope with a gamma camera to produce an image.

radiography of a vein after injection of a contrast medium to detect imconplete filling of a vein, which indicates obstruction.

procedure to restore normal rhythm of the heart by applying a controlled electrical shock to the exterior of the chest

technique used to block blood flow to a site by passing a catheter to the area and injecting a synthetic material or medication specially desgined to occlude the blood vessel.

injection of a chemical irritant (sclerosing agent) into a vein to produce inflammation and fibrosis that destroys the lumen of the vein

procedure that alters a vessel through surgery or dilation of the vessel using a balloon catheter.

surgical procedure that uses a vessel graft from another part of the body to bypass the blocked part of a coronary artery and restore blood supply to the heart muscle.

dilation of an occluded vessel using a balloon under fluroscopic guidance

removal of material from an occluded vessel using a specially designed catheter fitted with a cutting or grinding device

removal and examination of a small piece of tissue for diagnostic purposes

removal and examination of a segment