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Dot Coms
company that does most of its work online
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Offshoring
relocating business processes, such as development and production, to lower cost locations in other contries
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Outsourcing
Use of components or labor from outside suppliers.
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Database Administrator
- Analyzes a companies data to determine the most affective way to collect and store it.
- Create databases, data entries, and reports.
- Supervise day to day
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Computer Engineer
Design and test new hardware products, such as computer chips, circuit boards, and peripheral devices.
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Technical Writer
Creates documentation for large programming projects and writes online manuals.
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Software Engineering
Takes a disciplined approach to developing software that is reliable, efficient, affordable, user friendly, and scalable.
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Network Specialist/Administrator
- Plans, installs and maintains one or more local area networks.
- These specialists also provide network accounts and access rights to approved users
- troubleshoot
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VAR
(Value-added reseller) combines commercially available products with specialty hardware or software to create a computer system designed to meet the needs of a specific industry.
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Exception Report
Contains information that is outside normal or acceptable range.
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Summary Report
Combines, groups, or total data. It can have stuff like annual revenue.
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Ad Hoc Report
(Demand report) Is a customized report, generated to supply specific information not available in scheduled reports.
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Transaction Processing
(TPS) provides a way to collect, process, store, display, modify, or cancel transactions.
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Decision Support System
(DSS) Helps people make decisions by directly manipulating data, analyzing data from external sources, generating statistical projections, and creating data models or various scenarios.
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Batch Processing vs. OLTP
- Collect and hold a group of transactions until the end of the day or payment period. Needs no human intervention.
- Needs steps to be completed
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Expert System
(Knowledge-based system) A computer system designed to analyze data and produce a recommendation, diagnosis, or decision based on a set of facts and rules.
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Neural Network
Simulates the brain.
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PERT
(Program Evaluation and Review) Tallies up time and then decides how long the project will take.
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WBS
(work Breakdown Structure) Breaks task into series of tasks.
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Gantt Chart
Represents length of project with bar.
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SDLC/Phases of the SDLC
- (System development life cycle)
- Planning
- Analysis
- Design
- Implementation
- Maintenance
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Centralized vs Distributed Processing
duh
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Unit Testing
Ensures that it operates reliably and correctly
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Integration Testing
Insures module operates together properly
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System Testing
Ensures all hardware and software components work together.
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Database/Database Model
Collection of information
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DBMS
(Database Management System) refers to software that is designed to manage data stored in a database.
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Data Warehouse
Responsible for data from more than one database
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Data Mining
the process of analyzing existing database information to discover previously unknown and potentially useful information, including relationships and patterns.
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Cardinality
The number of associations between two record types
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XML
A markup language that allows field tags, data, and tables to be incorporated into a web document.
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Normalization
Helps store data with increasing efficiency. Minimizes data redundancy.
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Primary Key
field that contains data unique to a record.
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Foreign Key
A foreign key is a field in a relational table that matches a candidate key of another table. The foreign key can be used to cross-reference tables.
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SQL
(Structured Query Language) Intermediate between database data and user
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SQL Statements
- create database/table
- add, modify, delete data
- retrieve, join data
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High-Level vs. Low-Level Languages
- Command words and grammar based on human language to provide what computer scientists call a level of abstraction that hides the underlying low-leveled assembly or machine language
- typically includes commands specific to a particular CPU or Microprocessor family. Needs writer.
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1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th Generation Languages
- 1,0
- short command
- command words
- Sentence
- decorative language
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Problem Statement
- Defines certain elements that must be manipulated to achieve a result or goal.
- Specifies assumptions
- Clearly specifies unknown
- Specifies when solved
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Algorithm
Set of steps written down to achieve something
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Variable vs. Constant
Changes and does not
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GoTo vs. GoSub
- is a statement found in many computer programming languages. It is a combination of the English words goand to. It performs a one-way transfer of control to another line of code; in contrast a function call normally returns control. The jumped-to locations are usually identified using labels, though some languages use line numbers. At the machine code level, a goto is a form of branch or jump statement.
- is a command in many versions of the BASIC computer programming language. A GOSUB statement jumps to a line elsewhere in the program. That line and the following lines up to a RETURN are used as a simple kind of a subroutine without (sometimes with) parameters or local variables.
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Syntax, Run-Time, and Logic Errors
- messed up syntax rules
- Unexecutable commands
- Messed up logic or design of program
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Pseudocode/Structured English
Mixture of English and favorite programming language
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Flowchart
Graphical representation of a computers steps
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Programming Control Structures
- Selection: Tells it what to do based on true or false
- Repetition: repeats until complete
- Sequence Control Structures:changes order by telling computer to execute somewhere else
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Class
Template for a group of objects with similar characteristics
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Attribute
Defines the characteristics of class
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Method
A segment of code that defines an action. End in ()
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Inheritance
Passing characteristics from one class to another
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Polymorphism
(Overloading) Redefine a method in a subclass
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Encapsulation
process of hiding the internal details of objects and their methods
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SDK/IDE/VDE
- (Software development kit) Language specific for specific programs.
- (integrated development environment) Type of SDK that packages a set of development tools in a sleek package
- (Visual Development environment) provides programmers with tools to build substantial sections of a program by pointing and clicking.
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