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Biomechanics Unit 3 Knee, Ankle, Posture, & Gait
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What tissues resist Genu valgum of the Tibiofemoral joint?
Primary restraint
MCL ligament
Seondary restriants
Medial capsule
Semimembranosus tendon
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
Compression of lateral meniscus
Pes anserine tendons
Medial head of gastrocnemius
What tissues resist Genu Varum of the tibiofemoral joint?
Primary restraint
Lateral collateral ligament (LCL)
Secondary restriant
IT band
Popliteus tendon
Biceps femoris tendon
Compression of medial meniscus
ACL and PCL
Lateral head of gastrocnemius
Lateral capsule
What tissues try and resist Genu recurvatum of the knee?
Restraint
Anterior cruciate ligament
Oblique popliteal ligament
Arcuate popliteal ligament
Popliteus
Gastrocnemius
Semimembranosus
Posterior capsule
Name the stabilization tissues of the knee capsule? and what they restrict?
Anterior
Patellar retinacular fibers
Patellar ligament
Quadriceps muscle
Medial - Resists extreme valgus movement
Posterior - Resists extreme hyperextension
Lateral - Resists extreme varus movement
What does the ACL restrict?
Resist anterior/posterior shear forces between tibia and femur
Limits both medial and lateral rotation of tibia/femur
Limits extremes of all movements
Limits tibia on femur anterior translation
Femur on tibia posterior translation
What does PCL restrict?
Anterior and posterior meniscofemoral ligaments assist PCL with function
Limits the extremes of all movementsLimits tibia on femur posterior translation
Femur on tibia anterior translation
Popliteus can minimize posterior tibial translation on the femur
Most fibers are taut at full flexion
Limits both medial and lateral rotation of tibia/femur
May be dependent on other forces acting on knee
What does the MCL restrict?
Limits extremes of knee extension – assists when ACL is gone
Limits lateral rotation of tibia
What does LCL limit?
Limits varus movement – best in extension when ligament is taut
Limits extremes of knee extension
Limits lateral rotation of tibia
Name the Ligaments of the knee?
Capsule ligaments
PCL
ACL
MCL
LCL
Oblique popliteal ligament
Arcuate popliteal ligament
What limits anterior tibial translation?
IT band
ACL
What muscles help the menisics stabilize the knee in movement?
Semimembranosus, Popliteus
Name the functions of the Menisci?
Shock Absorber
Triple area of joint contact
Supports 50-70% of the total load across the human knee
Stabilize joint during motion
Reduce friction
Guide knee arthrokinematics
Limit anterior and posterior translation
What attaches to the medial menisics? lateral menisics?
Medial
Attached to deep portion of MCL
Attached to semimembranosus
Attached to the ACL and PCL at the horns
Lateral
Attached to PCL via posterior meniscofemoral ligament
Attached to popliteus
Explaine what happens in open versus closed chain actions of the screw home mechanism?
Open chain – Tibia follows laterally curved medial femoral condyle resulting in lateral rotation of the tibia
Closed chain – Femur follows a medially curved path on the tibia yielding internal rotation of femur
What drives the screw home mechanism?
Driven by: Shape of medial femoral condyle – extends farther anterior than lateral femoral condyle
Roll/glide stops first on lateral side but medial side keeps going
Passive tension in cruciate ligamentsLateral pull of quadriceps
Name the non quad muscle that can extend the knee? explain how they do it?
Soleus – weight bearing, soleus pulls the tibia posteriorly Resists anterior tibial translation
Gluteus Maximus – weight bearing, gluts pull the femur posteriorly on the tibia Creates a relative anterior tibial shear
What tissues stabilize the proximal and distal tibiofibular joint?
Proximal TF joint
Stabilizing tissue
Capsule Anterior (superior) tibiofibular ligament
Posterior (superior) tibiofibular ligament
Interosseous membrane
Distal TF joint
Stabilizing tissueCapsule Anterior (superior) tibiofibular ligament
Posterior (superior) tibiofibular ligament
Interosseous membrane
Author
wolfgar
ID
119210
Card Set
Biomechanics Unit 3 Knee, Ankle, Posture, & Gait
Description
Biomechanics Unit 3 Knee, Ankle, Posture, & Gait
Updated
2011-11-28T02:28:57Z
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