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CT
computed tomography, beams x-rays at multiple angles through a section of the patient's body
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MRI
magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic field and radio waves produce sagittal, coronal, and axial images of the body
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PET
positron emission tomography, positron-emitting radiactive substances given intravenously create a cross-sectional image of cellular metabolism based on local concentration of the radioactive substance
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US
ultrasonography, diagnostic technique that projects and retrieves high-frequency sound waves as they echo off parts of the body
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SPECT
single photon emission computed tomography, radioactive tracer is injected intravenously and a computer reconstructs a 3D image based on a composite of many views
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fluoroscopy
an x-ray procedure that makes it possible to see internal organs in motion
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in vitro
process, test, or procedure is performed, measured, or observed outside a living organism, often in a test tube
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in vivo
process, test or procedure is performed, measured, or observed within a living organism
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radiolucent
permitting the passage of x-rays, radiolucent structures appear black on x-ray film
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radiopaque
obstructing the passage of x-rays, radiopaque structures appear while on the x-ray film
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bone scan
phosphate compound is taken up preferentially by bone and the skeleton is imaged in 2 or 3 hours, the scan detects infection, inflammation, or tumors involving the skeleton, which appear as areas of high uptake on the scan
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contrast studies
radiopaque materials (contrast media) are injected to obtain contrast with surrounding tissue when shown on the x-ray film
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half-life
time required for a radioactive substance to lose half its radioactivity by disintegration
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interventional radiology
therapeutic or diagnostic procedures performed by a radiologist
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ionization
transformation of electrically neutral substances into electrically charged particles
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mammography
uses low dose x-rays ot visualize breat tissue
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nuclear medicine
medical specialty that studies the uses of radioactive substances in diagnosis of disease
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radioimmunoassay
test combines radioactive chemicals and antibodies to detect minute quantites of substances in a patient's blood
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radiology
medical specialty concerned with the study of x-rays and their use in the diagnosis of disease, including other forms of energy, such as ultrasound and magnetic waves
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radiologist
a physician who specializes in the practice of diagnostic radiology
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radiologic technician
allied health care professionals who work with physicians in the fields of radiology and nuclear medicine
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sonogram
a record on ultrasound procedures
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tracer studies
radionuclides are used as tags or labels, attached to chemicals and followed as they travel through the body
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transducer
handheld device that sends and receives ultrasound signals
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ultrasonography
diagnostic technique that projects and retrieves high-frequency sound waves as they echo off parts of the body
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x-ray positioning
different views of x-ray
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lateral decubitus
lying down on the side
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recumbent
lying down(may be prone or supine)
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