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Microbiology Chapter 20

  1. Chemotherapy
    The use of drugs to treat a disease
  2. Chemotheraputic drugs include
    synthetic drugs and antibiotics.
  3. Antimicrobial drugs
    Interfere with the growth of microbes within a host
  4. Antibiotic
    A substance produced by a microbe that, in small amounts, inhibits another microbe
  5. ___ are created in a laboratory.
    Synthetic drugs
  6. ___ is a drug that kills harmful microbes without damaging the host
    Selective toxicity
  7. The actions of antimicrobial drugs are either ___ or ___
    bactericidal or bacteriostatic
  8. Cephalosporins is extracted from fungi which are
    • I generation: Narrow spectrum, gram-positive
    • II generation: Extended spectrum includes gram-negative
    • III generation: Includes pseudomonads; injected
    • IV generation: Oral
  9. The Action of Antimicrobial Drugs
    • 1. Inhibition of cell wall synthesis.
    • 2. Inhibition of protein synthesis.
    • 3. Injury to plasma membranes.
    • 4. Inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis.
    • 5. Inhibition of Essential metabolites.
  10. Drugs which helps in Inhibition of cell wall synthesis.
    • 1.Penicillians
    • 2.Cephalosporins
    • 3.Bacitracin
    • 4.Vancomycin
  11. Drugs which helps in Inhibition of protein synthesis
    • 1.Chloramphenicol
    • 2.Erytheromycin
    • 3.Tetracyclines
    • 4.Streptomycin
  12. Drugs which cause injury to plasma membrane
    1. Polymyxin B
  13. Drugs which Inhibits systhesis of Essential metabolites
    • 1.Sulfanilamide
    • 2.Trimethoprime
  14. Drugs which inhibits nucleic acid synthesis
    • 1.Quinolones
    • 2.Rifampin
  15. b-Lactamse is also known as
    Penicilinase
  16. Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance
    • 1.Enzymatic destruction of drug
    • 2.Prevention of penetration of drug
    • 3.Alteration of drug's target site
    • 4.Rapid ejection of the drug

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  17. Streptogramins is used to treat
    MRSA
  18. Synergism occurs when the effect of two drugs together is
    greater than the effect of either alone
  19. Antagonism occurs when the effect of two drugs together is
    less than the effect of either alone
  20. Antibiotic Resistance: Human Practices
    • Overuse in immuno-suppressed patients
    • Patient demand for antibiotics for colds/ Flu
    • Misuse by physicians
    • Failure to follow prescribed treatments
    • Long-term low-dose treatment for acne
    • Use in animal feeds
    • Moving of resistant bacteria
    • Hospital personnel
  21. ___ Promotes interferon production
    Imiquimod
  22. Clear area on Disk Diffusion Method ( The Kirby-Bauer Test)
    Zone of Inhibition
  23. Antiprotozoan Drugs
    • Chloroquine
    • Diiodohydroxyquin
    • Metronidazole
    • Nitazoxanide
  24. Antihelminthic Drugs
    • Mebendazole
    • Ivermectin
    • Niclosamide
    • Praziquantel
Author
aji
ID
118458
Card Set
Microbiology Chapter 20
Description
Antimicrobial Drugs
Updated

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