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Knee- degrees of flexion
135
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Knee- degrees of extension
10
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Knee- end-feel for flexion
Soft tissue approximation
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Knee- end-feel for extension
Tissue stretch (firm)
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What muscles are being tested with MRT knee flexion (5)?
- Hamstrings
- Gracilis
- Sartorius
- Gastrocnemius
- Plantaris
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What muscles are being tested with MRT knee extension?
Quadriceps
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What special test would you use for a possible ACL sprain?
Anterior Drawer Test
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Why would you think to use the Anterior Drawer Test?
- Suspect ACL sprain
- The client describes a motion or activity that caused immediate knee pain. The client may have heard a loud pop or snap at the onset of injury. Weakness in the knee.
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How do you perform the Anterior Drawer Test?
- Stabilize the client's foot by anchoring the toes beneath their thigh. Place both hands around the posterior side of the proximal tibia and gives a firm anterior pull on the tibia.
- A positive is a mushy end feel and/or anterior movement of the tibia
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Posterior Drawer Test- what does it test for and why would you test?
- PCL sprain
- Client describes a sudden motion or activity performed which immediately causes pain. The client may describe hearing a loud pop or snap at the onset of injury. Ask the client about weakness in the knee after the injury.
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How to perform a Posterior Drawer Test
- Stabilizes the client's foot by anchoring the toes beneath the therapist's thigh. Place both hands around the proximal tibia and give a firm posterior push on the tibia.
- A positive is a mushy end feel, pain, and/or posterior movement of the tibia
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Valgus Stress Test
- Tests for MCL sprain
- Test if client reports a sudden injury that involves a valgus or rotary stress to the knee.
- Therapist stabilizes the distal medial tibia with one hand, while applying valgus force to the lateral knee with the other hand.
- Positive is pain, or a mushy end feel indicates damage to the MCL.
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Varus Stress Test
- Tests for LCL sprain
- Test if client reports a sudden injury that involves a varus or rotary stress to the knee.
- Therapist stabilizes the distal lateral tibia with one hand, while applying varus force to the medial knee with the other hand.
- Positive is pain, or a mushy end feel indicates damage to the LCL.
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Apley Compression Test (Apley's Grind)
- Tests for meniscal damage
- Test if client reports a sudden movement or activity that caused sharp pain in the knee, generall near the knee joint.
- The therapist grasps the client's ankle with one hand and uses the other hand to press down (toward the table) on the heel so the tibia is pressed against the femoral condyles. Gently rotate the tibia through its full range of
- motion both medially and laterally. Make sure the rotational force is directed toward the knee and not the foot or ankle.
- Positive is knee pain grinding within the knee joint.
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Apley Distraction Test
- Tests for ligamentous damage
- Test if client reports a sudden movement or activity that caused sharp pain in the knee, generally near the knee joint.
- The therapist places a knee on the client's posterior thigh to stabilize it against the table, then use both hands to pull the client's leg so it is distracted (lifted) from the femoral condyles. Gendy rotate the tibia through its full range of motion both medially and laterally. Make sure the rotational force is directed to the knee and not the foot/ankle.
- Positive is knee pain on the lateral or medial sides of the knee.
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If pain is felt during Apley's compression test but not distraction test...
it's probably a meniscal problem.
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If pain is felt during both Apley's compression test and distraction test...
it's probably a ligament problem if the pain is the same during both tests.
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Knee ligament that is usually injured
ACL
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