The angle between the left and right near field monitors should be
60 degrees
If the near field mons are placed directly on the console's meter bridge then _____ may occur at the listening position. How would you avoid this?
Comb filtering. Decouple the monitors by placing foam underneath them
Which meter is found of the MCI 2" tape machine
VU
Which meter is found on the D-command control surface?
dBFS
What does it mean when a piece of audio gear is set to unity gain
input=output. it neither boosts nor attinuates the signal
The panasonic DAT machine in the studio has this type of meter
dBFS
you have a +3 dB alignment tape you want to calibrate the 2 inch tape machinge to a +6dB op level. what should the VU meters read when playing back the tones?
-3
dig recorders are normally calibrated so that a steady tone at the recorder's nominal input level (0VU, +4 dBu) gives a reading somewhere between ____ dBFS.
-20 and -12
0 dB on a magnetic tape is referenced to a flux level of
185 nWb/m
Input calibration is always done before output calibration
True or False
false
When calibrating the DAT machine with our analog console, 0VU on the console should equal ____ on the DAT
-12 dBFS
DAT tape with 2 mixes. 1st track contains 30 secs of a 1kHz tone. the DAT label reads, Track 1: 1kHz @ -18 dBFS= 0 VU. The mastering eng would then calibrate the (input or output) levels of the DAT machine to read (+4, 0, or -18) VU while playing back the 1kHz tone.
output
+4
which PT interfaces can be calibrated?
192 I/O HD
calibration Mode is found in which PT menu?
Options
Which menu allows the user to be able to set the 0VU reference level?
Preferences > Operation
Misc.
The PT rig in the studio is set up so that ____ VU = ____ dBFS
0
-18
how many different op levels can be stored on the studio's PT rig?
2 at a time.
In which menu would you be able to change btwn the stored op levels?
Setup > Hardware
when mixing tracks in PT through an analog console, in order to insure proper gain structureing the faders in PT should be set ___ dB
0
when mixing tracks in PT thru an analog console, in order to insure proper gain structuring, the line amps on the console should be set to ____ dB 9 assuming the tracks were recorded with proper levels.
0
Which meter indicates the RMS measurement of the signal's amplitude.
VU
dBFS =
Decibles Full Scale
HPF EQ curve
/-----
LPF EQ curve
-----\
BPF EQ curve
/-----\
Which of the following EQ circuts would be passive?
-Shelf
-LPF
-Notch
-None
LPF
which freq bands causes listening fatigue at excess levels?
6000-16000 Hz
freq band controls the "brilliance" of a mix
6000-16000 Hz
too much emphasis on this freq band can create sibilance on a vocal
6000-16000Hz
too much emphasis on this freq causes mix to sound boomy
60-360 Hz
PT record modes
Destructive
Loop
Normal
Track Punch
rec mode allows to arm and disarm tracks while playback is engaged?
Track punch
record mode conserves disk space
Destructive
Rec mode in HD only
Track punch
If a stereo aud track is rec armed, and the record mode is set to quick punch, how many voices are being sed by the stereo aud track?
4 voices
quick key to change record mode
Control click record button
menu to change record mode
Option
Audition loop recorded takes in PT
CMD click on the region with the selector tool
six elements of a great mix
Balance
Frequency
Dynamics
Depth
Interest
Pan
Balance
The volume level relationship between musical elements
nothing is too loud or quiet
Frequency Range
Having all frequencies properly represented
No 2 instruments are taking up the same freq band or masking
Panorama
placing a musical element in the soundfield
everything in the mix is spread out to make it seen wider
dimension
adding ambience to a musical element
Dynamics
Controlling the volume envelope of a track or instrument
Interest
Making the mix special, or a focal point
M/S micing distinct feature
ability to change stereo spread by adjusting level (mix) of the 2 mics
Near coincident mic techniques include
NOS and ORTF
when micing an ensemble phase problems can occur if:
multiple mics are used at vaying distances from the ensemble
When using a spaced pair technique, if the mics are 3 ft from the sound source, they shoud be ____ ft apart from each other
9
1:3 ratio
which stereo mic technique utilizes 2 mics crossed at a 90 deg angle
XY and NOS
Stereo mic technique utilizes 2 cardiods at a 110 deg angle
ORTF
Sets the amount of attenuation on a gate
Range
An Upward expander would
Raise the level of signal above threshold
In order to create a gated room mic sound, where the snare drum triggers the gate on the frum room track, the I/O of the gate would be inserted on the snare channel. True or False
False
In order to crate a desser, the side chain (or Key) input of the comp should be patched from the main (un Eq'd) vocal channel. true or false
False
a dummy head used for binaural recording would use pressure type or gradient mics?
Pressure type
A mic with selectable pick up patterns (eg AKG 414) would be classified as a pressure gradient. true or false?
True
What are some of the cues used to localize sounds? 3
Frequency
Intensity
Phase
In-line (ie Insert) patching would most likely be used on which of the following devices?
Symmetrix Gate
dBX Compressor
The pan knob on a console relies on this cue to localize sounds
intensity
A plate reverb would most likely be patched in using the insert points on the patch bay. true or false
false
If a sound plays out of both left and right loud speakers at the same intensity, but is delayed slightley on the left side, which side would the sound appear to come from for a listener seated in the center of the two speakers
Right
which would be best at removing low level background noise or bleed from a track?
Gate
which of the following would apply when documenting a recording done to a digital hard disk recorder?
-Bias
-Bit depth
-Tape Speed
-None
Bit Depth
The rate setting on an LFO affects the
Frequency
How fast the signal stops being attenuated on a compressor is called
release
Which of the following delay times would be considered tape delay?
-15ms
-150ms
-500ms
-1500ms
150ms
A gate stays closed until a signal passes above the key/ trigger threshold. T or F
True
which of the following is NOT a popular stereo buss compressor?
-Fairchild 670
-SSL stereo compressor
-Neve 33609
-dbx 160 A
dbx 169
which of the following compressors have automatic attack and relaease times?
-LA-2A
-LA-3A
-dbx 166
-all of the above
all of the above
Used to create a desser
compressor and EQ
A limiter would have a ratio of 10:1 and ________
higher
In order to have a tone generator play only when the kick drum plays, patch the channel into the key input of the gate. T or F
True
This parameter sets the amplitude at which attenuation begins
-attack
-key listen
-range
-none
none
Hold param most likely found on a ____
gate
in order for tape slap to work, the tape machine must be recording and set to
repro mode
what would patching a multi track recorder output to a console channel line input be considered?
cross patch
which menu contains the delay compensation engine settings
setup >playback engine
insert delays are entered in which timescale?
milliseconds
if you had 2 mics on a guitar amp and wanted to record them to 1 track, you would have to use which console outputs?
buss out
would change acoustics in a studio
gobo
On PT HD system, placing ____ plug-ins after ____ plug-ins on a track's inserts will result in increased latency and use of one extra voice per track
RTAS after TDM
which 2 types of tracks on HD system should you avoid inserting RTAS on due to increases latency?
Aux and Master Faders
5 things to include when documenting a sound in a recording session
Instrument
mic type
recorder used
outboard settings
cables used
Decca setup
X
| 1.5meters
X-------------------------X
2meters
Ch1 Ch2
L R
what is the Haas effect
precedence effect, describes the human psychoacoustic phenomena of correctly identifying the direction of a sound source heard in both ears but arriving at different times. Due to the head's geometry (two ears spaced apart, separated by a barrier) the direct sound from any source first enters the ear closest to the source, then the ear farthest away. The Haas Effect tells us that humans localize a sound source based upon the first arriving sound, if the subsequent arrivals are within 25-35 milliseconds. If the later arrivals are longer than this, then two distinct sounds are heard. The Haas Effect is true even when the second arrival is louder than the first (even by as much as 10 dB.).
what does the Haas Zone mean?
?
How fast the signal is attenuated once it goes above the threshold ( on a comp) is called?
Attack
pumping on a compressor can result from hins param being set too fast
release
a downward expander would
reduce the level of signals below threshold
I/O inserts in PT are typically used for
Outboard dynamic processors
I/O sends in PT are typically used for
Outboard time based effects
The delay compensation engine settings are found in the
Playback engin
HW buffer size settings affect TDM plugin usage T or F
False
NY comp is setup using FX send or side chain routing T or F
True
A 4:1 compressor ratio means for every 1 dB of increase at input, you get 4 dB at the output T or F
False
Blumlein mic setup
2 Bidirectional mics
What patterns are used in MS micing?
Cardiod and Bidirectional (fig 8)
XY micing
2 cardioids with capsules crossed
Blumlein
2 fig 8s
NOS
2 cardioids 90 deg apart with backs touchig
ORTF
110 deg apart with backs touching
why cant the full effect of binaural recording be reproduced over loud speakers?
your face blocks the sound from reaching your ears at the exact same time
pick up patterns associated with binaural recordings?
omni
how to decode an MS mic signal
side mic fiq 8 pan L and ch 1. then copied to ch 2 panned R. the mid mic panned center is cardioid and sent to ch3. flip phase on side ch2 mic and bring up th pan ch1 to widen out the sound
3:1 rule helps to
maintain phase coherency
a spot mic on a classical recording would be placed farther than the critical distance form the orchestra t or f
false
MS sounds same playedback in mono or stereo? T or F
False
which freqs are more difficult for humans to localize?
Lows because they have longer wavelengths and are able to bend around barriers
localize sound
raised and lowered the freq and notched out freqs
comb filtering
when 2 signal have timing delays causing phase cancellation at various freqs when played together.
Mix documentation 3 parts
Console settings
patch bay
outboard gear settings
2 mics on a gtr amp and want to record them to 1 track,
Buss out
Monitor the GL 2400 select
ST 1
menu to enable control surface for use with HD system
