Chapter13treatment

A surgical puncture through the abdominal wall to remove fluid; also called paracentesis

Surgical removal of the colon and rectum that includes entry through both the abdomen and perineum; it includes a colostomy, and is performed to treat colorectal cancer and severe IBD; abbreviated A&P resection

Surgical repair of the abdomen

Surgical repair of the anus

A drug that neutralizes stomach acid

A drug that prevents or stops vomiting

A drug that decreases peristalsis in the GI tract to arrest spasm or diarrhea

Surgical removal, or excision, of the appendix

An enema containing barium (a contrast medium used for x-ray) administered for a lower GI series diagnostic test; abbreviated BE

Drug that stimulates peristalsis of the colon; also called a laxative

Incision into the abdominal cavity

Suture of the lip

X-ray image of the bile ducts between the liver, gallbladder, and duodenum

Excision of the gallbladder

• –X-ray image of the gallbladder, which is used to confirm diagnosis of cholelithiasis
• –Excision of the colon

Incision into the common bile duct, which is performed to remove one or more obstructive stones

Excision of the colon

Visual examination of the colon, using a colonoscope

Surgical creation of an opening into the colon by way of the abdominal wall, which establishes an artificial anus, and may be temporary or permanent as a treatment for cancer, obstructions, or ulcerative colitis

Excision of a diverticulum

Endoscopic procedure that includes x-ray fluoroscopy to visualize the ducts of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

A diagnostic procedure that combines the use of an endoscope and an ultrasound probe to generate images of the intestinal wall to evaluate tumor progression

Visual examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum with an endoscope; abbreviated EGD

Visual examination of the esophagus with an esophagoscope, a specialized form of endoscope

a lab test performed to detect blood in the feces

sergical removal of any part of the stomach, or in extreme cases, the entire organ

A cleansing procedure in which the stomach is rinsed with a saline solution

Visual examination of the stomach with a gastroscope, a specialized type of endoscope

Surgical creation of a new opening into the stomach

The process of feeding a patient through a tube, called a nasogastric tube, that is inserted into the nose and drops into the stomach

Visual examination of the GI tract using an endoscope, which includes a camera, fiber optics, and long flexible tube

Surgical removal of diseased tissue in the gums

Suture of the tongue

Excision of approximately one-half of the colon

Excision of hemorrhoids

Focus on diseases of the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts

Surgical repair of a hernia

Surgical opening through the abdominal wall and into the ileum, to establish a secondary anus for the passage of feces

Visual examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope, which often replaces open abdominal surgery when an invasive procedure should be avoided

Incision into the abdomen

Surgical repair of the palate, usually as a treatment for cleft palate, an inherited defect

Excision of a polyp

Focuses on the treatment of diseases of the rectum and anus

Visual examination of the rectum with a proctoscope, a specialized type of endoscope

Surgical repair of the pylorus region of the stomach or the pyloric valve

Visual examination of the sigmoid colon with a sigmoidoscope, a specialized type of endoscope

Collection of a fecal sample and growth of microorganisms from it in a culture to identify a pathogenic cause of disease

Diagnostic x-ray images of the stomach and duodenum following the administration of barium as a radiopaque contrast medium; abbreviated UGI

Excision of the uvula

Surgical repair of uvula, palate, and pharynx, which is usually performed to correct obstructive sleep apnea

Surgical dissection of branches of the vagus nerve, which innervates much of the GI tract