Lifecycle Nutrition

_______ is the strongest predictor of an infants probable future health status.

Newborns weighing ______ lb at birth are more likely to survuve the first 12 mos. of life

The weight if a newborn is influenced by many factors, including the a) _____. Healthy term infants generally weigh more than those born preterm and less than those born postterms (after b) ______weeks of pregnancy.)

Low-birth-weight infants weigh <5 lb a)____ or b) _____g at birth.

The a)_________ is quick assessment methos to determine the overall health of newborns. The muscle tone, heart rate, breathing, reflexes, and b) ____of the infants are rated on a scale of one to 10, at 1 and 5 mon. after birth. A score over c) _______ at 5 min. predicts a healthy infant.

Body parameters used to assess the groth of infants and todders over time onclude their weight, length, and ______.

Commercial infant formulas try to match the ______, digestability, and performance or breast milk.

_________ is the progressive transition from nursing or bottle-feeding to drinking from a cup, with the parallel intoduction of other foods to the infant's or toddler's diet to replace the breast milk or infant formula.

The growth of children is the most rapid
A) during infancy (first year of life)
B) in preschoolers (3-5 yrs. old)
C) during the toddler years (1-3 yrs. old)
D) in the preteen yrs. (9-12 yrs old)
E) in school-age children (5-10 yrs. old)

The avg. birth weight in both the US and Canada is about _____.
A) 6.5 lbs
B) 7.25 lbs
C) 5.5 lbs
D) 7.75 lbs
E) 6 lbs

Which source of energy does the brain almost exclusively rely on, which also represents approx. 38% of the energy in breast milk?

____________ is the main source of CHO for breastfed infants and infants given a cow's milk-based infant formula.

What doos should newborns be given?

Do formula-fed infants need a vitamin D supplement?

What enzymes present in breast milk help infants with the digestion of dietary starches once they start eating their first soild food?

All newborns in the US and Canafa recieve a single supplemental injection dose of _____ at birth to prevent deficiency.

What is the main protein of cow's milk, and the main source of protein in cow's milk-based infant formulas?

The energy and nutrient needs of infants, based on lbs of kg of body weight per day, are higher than for _____.
A) toddlers
B) school-age children
C) teenagers
D) adults
E) all of the above

At 12 mos old, infants can ingest and digest more complex foods. By this time, the should be eating_____.
A) bread, cereal, rice, and pasta
B) mear, poultry, fish, beans, and eggs
C) milk products, including yogurt and cheese
D) a variety of foods from all food groups
E) vegtables and fruits

The gorwth of infants is influenced by
A) their gestational age and birth weight
B) the type of feedinf (breastfed or formula fed)
C) the stature of their parents
D) their enviroment
E) all of the above

Very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) babies weigh less than __lbs (___g) at birth.
A) 3.3; 1500
B) 4.4; 2000
C) 2.2; 1000
D) 5.5; 2500
E) 6.6; 3000

A newborm of weight for gestational age between the 10th and 90th percentiles on growth charts born at 40 weeks of pregnancy is

A newborn of weight for gestational age under the third percentile on growth charts born at 39 weeks of pregnany is

A newborn of weight for gestational age under the theird percentile on gorwth charts born at 36 weeks of pregnancy

A newborn of weight for gestational over the 95th percentile on growth charts born at 43 weeks of pregnancy is

Health care providers become concerned with weight loss continues beyond __ days of life.

Infants' birth weight usually _______ by about 5 mos. and ____ by 1 year.

Infants' length usually increases by about ______% in the first year

Common motor skill development for 3 mos includes?

A what age can a infant life their chin up when lying on stomach?

Between what ages can an infant learn to drink from a sippy cup?

By ________ mos of age, infants usually sit in a chair, self-feed finger foods using the pincer grasp technique, drink from an open cup, and say a few words?
A) 10
B) 7
C) 8
D) 12
E) 6

Which food remains the main food (main source of energy an nutrients) up to 12 mos. of age?
A) Iron-fortified infant cereals
B) breast milk
C) Infant fed formula (iron fortified)
D) Infant cereals
E) a and/or b

It is necessary to bring all water for feeding infants (including that to prepare infant formula) under )_______ mos of age to a rolling boil for a least ______ min. to ensure that it is pathogen free?
A) 4;1
B) 3;3
C) 1;5
D) 2;4
E) 4;2

What is the energy density of mature breast milk?
A) 12 kcal/fl oc
B) 12 kcal/fl oz
C) 20 kcal/fluid oz
D) 8 kcal/fluid oz
E) 24 kcal/ floz

Infants exclusively breastfed have a daliy energy intake of about ________kcal in the first 4-6 mos.

Which statement about the est. energy requirments per lb or kg body weight for infants is incorrect?
A) During the first 2 mos. of like an infant's thermoregulatory system requires extra energy to adapt from wonb temp to room temp.
B) An infant's daily energy needs for growth are greatest between 6-12 mos.
C) The basal energy requirement of infats is more than that of adults per lb of kg of body weight.
D) The proprotion of energy needed to support basal metabolism, growth, and activity changes through-out of the first year of like.
E) The basal metabolic energy needs are about the same during the first 12 mos.

The DRI micronutrient recommendations for young infants are________, which are based on the mean intake of healthy breastfed infants.
A) EER's
B) AIs
C) EARs
D) ULs
E) RDAs

What is the AI of protein for younger infants aged 0-6 mos. old?

What is the main energy supply for infants?

What fatty acids are present in significant quantities in breast milk?

The fact that breast milk contains _______ is espically an advantage for infants born before 37 wks. of pregnancy?

If an infant is partially breastfed, it is recommneded to give
A) iron-fortified soy-based infant formula up to 12 mos of age
B) iron0fortified cows milk-based infant formula up to 12 mos
C) fortified soy beverage
D) follow-up iron-fortified cow's milk-based infant formula up to 12 mos.
E) pasteurized whole cow's milk up to 24 mos.

T/F: Breast milk is more economical than commercial powder, concentrate, or ready-to-feed human milk substitutes. Explain.
True False

T/F: Follow-up commercial infant formulas contain more Ca and protein than starter infant formulas and are designed for older infants (6-18 mos)
True False

T/F: Breastfed babies have softer stools than most formula-fed babies.
True False

When infant formula is intorduced at birth, it does not have to be iron-fortified until 6 mos. of age.
True False

T/F: When solids are introduced into the infants diet, whole milk should become their main sources.
True False

T/F: Commercial infant formulas are as good as breast milk.
True False

Babies exclusively breastfed can be weaned directly to drinking from a cup
True False

How is the alimentary tract of newborns different from that of older children?

What should be the first food intorduced into the diet of infants? How is the first soild food prepared and served? Age? How much?

Give 5 reasons why it is advantageous to introduce iron-fortified cereal as the first soild food in the diet of infants?

What should a parent do if the baby does not like this solid food? Explain.

How can allergic reactions to the first soild foods be prevented?

Can the introduction of solid food be delayed?

What solid foods can be intoduced at 4-6 mos.?

What solid foods can be intoduced at 6-9 mos.?

What solid foods can be intoduced at 9-12 mos.?

A food allergy
A) is not associated with an immune system reaction
B) is more common than foos intolerance
C) can be infection related
D) can be caused by toxic response
E) to milk often resolves by 3 years of age

Which of the following is not one if the most common food allergens in infants and children?

Which statement a about the US CDC growth charts is incorrect?
a) They are bases on comparitive data from large-scale studies of healthy infants and are one of the most useful nutrition assessment tools used in peds.
b) They allow assessment of growth from birth to 20 yrs.
c) They help to assess the past and present growth of infants ans children.
d) They help to predict future or expected growth patterns of infants and children.
e) they range from the fifth to the 95th percentiles.

What does the 50th percentile curve represent on the head circumference-for-age growth chart?

An infant with a weight on the 85th percentile curve of the weight-for-age growth chart ________ infants of same age and sex in the reference population.
A) weifhs >15% of 100
B) weights <15% of the
C) weighs >15% of the
D) weighs <15% of 1000
E) weights <85% of the 100

What are some for the 2006 WHO growth standards from birth to 5 yrs?

These are indicators of dietary protein overolad in an infant, whcih can happen when the infant formula is not duiluted wnough during its preperation, except
A) fever
B) acidosis
C) dehydration
D) constipation
E) elevated blood urea

Which of these statements about the importance of fat in the diet of infants is false?
A) It promotes the growth of their brain and nervous system
B) If supplies essential AA
C) It protects their internal organs and keeps them warms
D) Fat imparts flavor and satiety
E) Fat is concentrated source of energy

About _____% of the energy provided by breast milk comes from fat.

_________ deficiency is the leading cause of anemia in infants.

Fruit juices
A) can be intorduced at 7 mos. of age
B) should be pure juice diluted 1:1 with water and given in a sup
C) should be limited to about 4 fl oz/day
D) should NOT replace breast milk, infant formulas, or other nutrient-dense foods, like infant cereals
E) all of the above

The most precalent nutrient deficient among Canadian and US infants is a deficiency in which micronutrient?

"A condition of inadequate weight or height gain throught to result from an energy intake deficit, wether or not the cause can be indentified as a health problem" is the definition for________. It can be organic (caused by a diseased state) and/or inorganic (possibly the result of parental neglet) in nature.

The infant formula used in case of intolerance to both cow's milk- and shoy-based infatn formula contains AA and small peptides instead of whole proteins. What is the term for the special formula?

The daily RDA for ______ for 5-12-month-old infants is more then that of an adult man?

Why is cow's milk not appropriate as the first milk for newborns and young infants?

5 feeding practices that contribute to the low iron intake in healthy infants?

What are the nine main safety issues when feeding infants?